CAR T-Cell therapies in lymphoma: current landscape, ongoing investigations, and future directions

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has significantly improved outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma, with multiple FDAapproved CAR T products now commercially available. Ongoing studies seek to move CAR T-cells to earlier lines of therapy and to characterize the efficacy and safety of CAR T-cell approaches in additional lymphoma histologies including relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Other areas of active research address CAR T in combination with other lymphoma-directed therapies, and mechanisms of CAR T resistance. This review focuses on the FDA-approved anti-CD19 CAR T products for B-cell lymphomas, management of CAR T-cell-associated toxicities, approaches to bridging therapy, and ongoing clinical trials and future research directions across a broad range of lymphoma histologies.

Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer

“…Promising research has been conducted in recent years on adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), which include the infusion of genetically modified T cells for the treatment of solid tumors: CAR T cell or TCR-modified T cell therapy. CAR T cell therapy has successfully improved the prognosis of patients with follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma and relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma ( Haydu and Abramson, 2021 ). However, in solid cancers the low proliferation and persistence of CAR T cells due to immune checkpoints such as the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and physical barriers present in the TME, which slow CAR T cell penetration, is detrimental for the outcome of CAR-T cell therapy ( Marofi et al, 2021 ).…”

Exploring the Health Benefits of Boletus aereus Polysaccharides: Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Antiproliferative Properties against Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas (NHLs)

“…An essential characteristic of NHLs lies in the aberrant functioning of cell cycle machinery and the perturbation of programmed cell death mechanisms. , Unraveling the molecular intricacies underlying these hallmarks is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes. Current treatment options include radiation therapy, bone marrow/stem cell transplantation, and immunotherapy/targeted therapies (monoclonal antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy), along with combination chemotherapy regimens. − The R-CHOP treatment, including rituximab, cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, and prednisone, stands as a first-line therapy option for NHL. However, the drugs employed often carry both immediate and prolonged adverse effects, including cardiovascular issues, neurotoxicity, immune suppression, and the risk of drug-resistant disease recurrence, impacting patient prognosis .…”

Cryopreserved PM21-Particle-Expanded Natural Killer Cells Maintain Cytotoxicity and Effector Functions In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Cellular immunotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for cancer, and therapies using CAR-T cells have been highly successful and gained recent FDA approval ( 1 , 2 ). While T-cell-based therapy has been a major focus of immuno-oncology, it is known that dysfunction and suppression of the innate immune response can occur in cancer patients and strategies to restore these defects have the potential to greatly improve outcomes.…”