Capitals and Capabilities: A Framework for Analyzing Peasant Viability, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty

Bebbington, Anthony

doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(99)00104-7

Cited by 1,560 publications

(1,138 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In order to engage in these activities, households mobilize the assets at their disposal. A hallmark of the livelihood approach (see Reardon and Vosti, 1995;Carney, 1998;Bebbington, 1999;Ellis, 2000) is its emphasis on the capabilities of the rural poor, based on the recognition that even the poorest families hold wealth in at least some of the following categories:…”

Section: The Livelihood Approach As An Organizing Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment

Sherbinin¹,

VanWey²,

McSweeney³

et al. 2008

Global Environmental Change

345

217

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This paper reviews and synthesizes findings from scholarly work on linkages among rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment. Using the livelihood approach as an organizing framework, we examine evidence on the multiple pathways linking environmental variables and the following demographic variables: fertility, migration, morbidity and mortality, and lifecycles. Although the review draws on studies from the entire developing world, we find the majority of micro-level studies have been conducted in either marginal (mountainous or arid) or frontier environments, especially Amazonia. Though the linkages are mediated by many complex and often context-specific factors, there is strong evidence that dependence on natural resources intensifies when households lose human and social capital through adult morbidity and mortality, and qualified evidence for the influence of environmental factors on household decision-making regarding fertility and migration. Two decades of research on lifecycles and land-cover change at the farm level have yielded a number of insights about how households make use of different land-use and natural resource management strategies at different stages. A thread running throughout the review is the Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access

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Section: The Livelihood Approach As An Organizing Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment

Sherbinin¹,

VanWey²,

McSweeney³

et al. 2008

Global Environmental Change

345

217

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Ideas about rights-based approaches to development are reflective of a wider trend in development studies, in which poverty reduction and livelihood security are now strongly associated with systems of governance that protect and promote the interests of poor and vulnerable groups in society (Bebbington, 1999;DFID, 2000;Moser and Norton, 2001;Sen, 1999;UNDP, 2000;World Bank, 2000). Reformulating the idea that good governance is essentially a matter of 'getting the prices right,' scholars and practitioners of development have embraced the idea that institutions, such as laws, contracts, and customs, are also essential for counter-balancing the historical constraints that typically privilege particular groups in society (see DiJohn and Putzel, 2000;WDR, 1990;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along similar lines, the UK Department for International Development (DFID, 2000) has argued that 'poor people have a right to expect their governments to address poverty and exclusion.' In this context, the institutionalization of a rights-based approach is thought to represent a fundamental means of strengthening the political, social and economic 'assets' poor people have at their disposal (Bebbington, 1999;DFID, 2000;Moser and Norton, 2001;Sen, 1999;UNDP, 2000;World Bank, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In the Eyes of the State: Negotiating a “Rights-Based Approach” to Forest Conservation in Thailand

Johnson¹,

Forsyth²

2002

World Development

111

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In the eyes of the state: negotiating a "rights-based approach" to forest conservation in Thailand Article (Accepted version) (Refereed)Original citation: Johnson, Craig and Forsyth, Tim (2002) In the eyes of the state: negotiating a "rights-based approach" to forest conservation in Thailand. World development, 30 (9 This document is the author's final manuscript accepted version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this version and the published version may remain. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. IN THE EYES OF THE STATE: NEGOTIATING A 'RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH' TO FOREST CONSERVATION IN THAILAND Craig Johnson and Tim ForsythWorld Development 30:9 1591-1605 2002 ABSTRACTRecent debates about governance, poverty and environmental sustainability have emphasized a 'rights-based' approach to development, in which individual rights and freedoms are strongly associated with fair and equitable development. Such approaches are defended both in terms of the 'intrinsic' benefits of basic human rights and the 'instrumental' benefits these may provide. However, the process of implementing a rights-based approach entails a number of political costs. Principal among these are the costs of ensuring that social rights are effectively enforced and the related cost of encouraging the state to intervene on behalf of poor and vulnerable groups in society. Reflecting upon these themes, this paper explores the case of Thailand's 'Community Forestry Bill', legislation that was introduced to support rights of access and environmental conservation for communities living in forest reserve areas. Examining watershed forests in the north and mangrove conservation in the south, it argues that efforts to support rural livelihoods through the establishment of community rights have been undermined by powerful private actors and by a state that has generally ruled in favour of commercial interests. The article then documents the creative ways in which civil society organizations have been able to negotiate and secure informal rights of access in rural areas. Such findings, it concludes, illustrate the need to situate rights-based approaches within the wider public spheres in which rules, rights, and 'community' are established, and defended.

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“…Assets are in fact multidimensional and observable in the long run, understood as a stock of financial, human, natural or social resources that can be acquired, developed, improved and transferred across generations, it generates flows or consumption, as well as additional stock (Ford 2004). Assets are not simply resources that people use to build livelihoods, assets give people the capability to be and act (Bebbington 1999). Thus the acquisition of assets is not a passive act but one that creates agency and is linked to the empowerment of individuals and communities.…”

Section: R O Ciobanu (Guest Editor)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asset accumulation and transfer for old age: a study on Peruvian and Moroccan migration to Spain

Escrivá

2013

Eur J Ageing

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Population ageing constitutes a major determinant of contemporary international migration, acting both as a push and pull factor in countries of origin and reception. From a micro-perspective, longevity, economic instability and migration are also affecting personal life as well as family organisation and solidarity. The aim of this paper is to focus on the strategies, in individual and family spheres, that migrants and their loved ones develop to accumulate and transfer assets, in order to respond to the demands of the elderly and counteract the uncertainties of advancing age. To capture this reality we conducted indepth interviews and focus groups with Peruvian and Moroccan migrants in Spain, and with returnees and relatives in the two countries of origin between 2006 and 2010. Both cases demonstrate that country contexts, together with personal experiences and family relationships, determine where to stay, and with whom or with what to support oneself as one grows older. More recently, the economic crisis in Spain that is negatively influencing social and migration policies, reducing migrants' economic gains, and placing new burdens on people's shoulders, is affecting these asset accumulation and transfer activities for old age.

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Capitals and Capabilities: A Framework for Analyzing Peasant Viability, Rural Livelihoods and Poverty

Cited by 1,560 publications

References 51 publications

Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment

Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment

In the Eyes of the State: Negotiating a “Rights-Based Approach” to Forest Conservation in Thailand

Asset accumulation and transfer for old age: a study on Peruvian and Moroccan migration to Spain

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