Capillary Sensor with Disposable Optrode for Diesel Fuel Quality Testing

Borecki, M.; Prus, Przemyslaw; Korwin-Pawlowski, Michael L.

doi:10.3390/s19091980

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…This technique is critical because it reduces the amount of time required and the diesel fuel of varying quality may necessitate different adjustments in fuel injection settings [7]. Borecki et al [8] stated that the sensor classified the quality of different unknown diesel fuel within less than few minutes with the measurement costs of a single disposable capillary probe and two plugs. However, the presently available fossil fuels reserves will not be able to sustain any longer as the demand will increase over time [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

et al. 2021

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Two main aspects of the transportation industry are pollution to the environment and depletion of fossil fuels. In the transportation industry, the pollution to the environment can be reduced with the use of cleaner fuel, such as gas-to-liquid fuel, to reduce the exhaust emissions from engines. However, the depletion of fossil fuels is still significant. Biodiesel is a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable fuel that is considered an alternative resource to conventional diesel fuel. Even though biodiesel shows advantages as a renewable source, there are still minor drawbacks while operating in diesel engines. Modern vehicle engines are designed to be powered by conventional diesel fuel or gasoline fuel. In this review, the performance, emissions, combustion, and endurance characteristics of different types of diesel engines with various conditions are assessed with biodiesel and blended fuel as well as the effect of biodiesel on the diesel engines. The results show that biodiesel and blended fuel had fewer emissions of CO, HC, and PM but higher NOx emissions than the diesel-fuelled engine. In the endurance test, biodiesel and blended fuel showed less wear and carbon deposits. A high concentration of wear debris was found inside the lubricating oil while the engine operated with biodiesel and blends. The performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and its blends showed that it can be used in a diesel engine. However, further research on long-term endurance tests is required to obtain a better understanding of endurance characteristics about engine wear of the diesel engine using biodiesel and its blends.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…The performance of engines commonly depends on fuel quality. Borecki et al proposed a capillary sensor with disposable optrode of diesel fuel quality, which shows an ability to classify known and unknown fuel samples [13]. The physicochemical properties of the biodiesel fuels generally depend upon their fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) compositions [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-Friendly Biodiesel/Diesel Blends for Improving the Exhaust Emission and Engine Performance to Reduce the Pollutants Emitted from Transportation Fleets

Sharma

Chintala

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Biodiesel derived from biomass is a renewable source of fuel, and global application of biodiesel in the transport sector has rapidly expanded over the last decade. However, effort has been made to overcome its main shortcoming, i.e., efficiency and exhaust emission characteristics (NOx emissions) in unmodified diesel engines. Biodiesel combustion generally results in lower unburned hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) in exhaust emissions compared to fossil diesel. In this study, various biodiesel blends (Chlorella vulgaris, Jatropha curcus, and Calophyllum inophyllum) were investigated for fuel characteristics, and engine performance with exhaust emission compared to diesel. Chlorella vulgaris, Jatropha curcus, and Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel were synthesized by the acid–base transesterification approach in a microwave reactor and blended with conventional diesel fuel by volume. The fuel blends were denoted as MB10 (90% diesel + 10% microalgae biodiesel), MB20 (80% diesel + 20% microalgae biodiesel), JB10 (90% diesel + 10% jatropha biodiesel), JB20 (80% diesel + 20% jatropha biodiesel), PB10 (90% diesel + 10% polanga biodiesel) and PB20 (80% diesel + 20% polanga biodiesel). Experiments were performed using these fuel blends with a single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine at different loads. It was shown in the results that, at rated load, thermal efficiency of the engine decreased from 34.6% with diesel to 34.1%, 33.7%, 34.1%, 34.0%, 33.9%, and 33.5% with MB10, MB20, JB10, JB20, PB10, and PB20 fuels, respectively. Unburned hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions improved with third-generation fuels (MB10, MB20) in comparison to base diesel fuel and second-generation fuels (JB10, JB20, PB10 and PB20). Oxides of nitrogen emissions were slightly increased with both the third- and second-generation fuels as compared to the base diesel. The combustion behavior of microalgae biodiesel was also very close to diesel fuels. In the context of comparable engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics, along with biofuel production yield (per year per acre), microalgae biodiesel could have a great potential as a next-generation sustainable fuel in compression engine (CI) engines compared to jatropha and polanga biodiesel fuels.

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“…A preparation for driving is related to the condition of the car and driver. The preparation of the car includes checking the technical condition of the car and the supply of adequate technical fluids, including brake fluids [1] and fuel of the correct quality [2]. The preparation of the car driver, in the most simplified terms, consists of the approval of its functional state [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Wireless Accelerometer Mounted on Wheel Rim for Parked Car Monitoring

Borecki

Rychlik

Olejnik

et al. 2020

Sensors

Self Cite

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Damages of different kinds that can be inflicted to a parked car. Among them, loosening of the car wheel bolts is difficult to detect during normal use of the car and is at the same time very dangerous to the health and life of the driver. Moreover, in patents and publications, only little information is presented about electronic sensors available for activation from inside of the car to inform the driver about the mentioned dangerous situation. Thus, the main aim of this work is the proposition and examination of a sensing device using of a wireless accelerometer head to detect loosening of wheel fixing bolts before ride has been started. The proposed sensing device consists of a wireless accelerometer head, an assembly interface and a receiver unit. The assembly interface between the head and the inner part of the rim enables the correct operation of the system. The data processing algorithm developed for the receiver unit enables the proper detection of the unscrewing of bolts. Moreover, the tested algorithm is resistant to the interference signals generated in the accelerometer head by cars and men passing in close distance.

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Capillary Sensor with Disposable Optrode for Diesel Fuel Quality Testing

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

Applications Characteristics of Different Biodiesel Blends in Modern Vehicles Engines: A Review

Environment-Friendly Biodiesel/Diesel Blends for Improving the Exhaust Emission and Engine Performance to Reduce the Pollutants Emitted from Transportation Fleets

Application of Wireless Accelerometer Mounted on Wheel Rim for Parked Car Monitoring

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