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Background Urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis are a common malignancy worldwide with high mortality ratio. Aimed to investigate the prevalence of these cancers, we conducted this study. Methods In this study, all the information related to ICD10 codes, gender, age and province of residence of individuals were obtained from the data of Iran’s cancer registry by the Ministry of Health, Medicine and Medical Education and demographic evidence for each sub-country from the reports of Statistics Center of Iran (SCI). Also, the data of two Iranian national survey studies CASPIAN-III, IV, and V (information related to the care and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in childhood and adolescence) and STEPs (including information on NCD in adults over 18 years old) were used. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression with mixed effects to estimate the incidence of cancers. Results Bladder and kidney neoplasm are the most common cancers of the urinary system in Iran. The prevalence of bladder cancer has increased from 5.82 to 11.50 per 100,000 individuals. The increasing trend is growing faster in men compared with women. The incidence of kidney neoplasm has increased over the years (2.03 in 2005 vs. 7.02 in 2020 per 100,000). Having a higher incidence ratio compared with bladder cancer, kidney cancer is responsible for 35.06% of all urinary cancers in 2020 compared with 23.71% in 2005. Both neoplasms of the ureter and renal pelvis were recorded rarely and with lower incidence in both sexes during this period. Conclusion Considering the increasing trend in the incidence of urinary neoplasms in Iran during these years, the advantage of focusing on the risk of urinary cancers is highlighted. Therefore, investigating the prevalence and incidence of urinary cancers to plan and manage these cancers will result in prevention and reduction of the disease burden on the Iranian society. Future studies in this field can help in the prevention and well-timed diagnosis of these cancers.
Background Urinary tract cancers including bladder, kidney, ureter, and pelvis are a common malignancy worldwide with high mortality ratio. Aimed to investigate the prevalence of these cancers, we conducted this study. Methods In this study, all the information related to ICD10 codes, gender, age and province of residence of individuals were obtained from the data of Iran’s cancer registry by the Ministry of Health, Medicine and Medical Education and demographic evidence for each sub-country from the reports of Statistics Center of Iran (SCI). Also, the data of two Iranian national survey studies CASPIAN-III, IV, and V (information related to the care and prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in childhood and adolescence) and STEPs (including information on NCD in adults over 18 years old) were used. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression with mixed effects to estimate the incidence of cancers. Results Bladder and kidney neoplasm are the most common cancers of the urinary system in Iran. The prevalence of bladder cancer has increased from 5.82 to 11.50 per 100,000 individuals. The increasing trend is growing faster in men compared with women. The incidence of kidney neoplasm has increased over the years (2.03 in 2005 vs. 7.02 in 2020 per 100,000). Having a higher incidence ratio compared with bladder cancer, kidney cancer is responsible for 35.06% of all urinary cancers in 2020 compared with 23.71% in 2005. Both neoplasms of the ureter and renal pelvis were recorded rarely and with lower incidence in both sexes during this period. Conclusion Considering the increasing trend in the incidence of urinary neoplasms in Iran during these years, the advantage of focusing on the risk of urinary cancers is highlighted. Therefore, investigating the prevalence and incidence of urinary cancers to plan and manage these cancers will result in prevention and reduction of the disease burden on the Iranian society. Future studies in this field can help in the prevention and well-timed diagnosis of these cancers.
Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı üroloji servisindeki yatışlarının demografik, sağlık sonuçları ve maliyet göstergeleri çerçevesinde incelenmesi ve COVID-19 pandemisinin üroloji servisindeki yatışları üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Method: Araştırmada retrospektif tarama yöntemi kullanılmış, bir kamu hastanesi üroloji servisine 01.01.2019-31.12.2021 tarihlerinde yatan hastaların demografik verileri, sağlık sonuçları ve maliyet göstergeleri değerlendirilmiştir. Hasta profilini değerlendirmek amacıyla hastanın tanısı, yatış gün sayısı durumu analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamında incelenen kamu hastanesinin üroloji servisinde 2019 yılında 3.759, 2020 yılında 1.516 ve 2021 yılında 1.225 yatan hasta verisi incelenmiştir. Üroloji servisinde yatan hastaların ortalama yatış günleri 2019’da 1,71, 2020’de 1,47 ve 2021’de 1,24’tür. Ortalama yatış günü en yüksek olan vakalar 2019’da 32 gün ile N40-Benign prostat hiperplazisi”, 27 gün ile “N39.0-Üriner sistem enfeksiyonu, yeri tanımlanmamış” ve 22 gün ile “C64-Böbrek malign neoplazmı, renal pelvis hariç”tir. 2020’de ortalama yatış günü en yüksek tanılar incelendiğinde “N40-Benign prostat hiperplazisi” 23 gün ve “N20.0-Böbrek taşı” 20 gün ve “N40-Benign prostat hiperplazisi”19 gün olarak gerçekleşmiştir. 2021’de ortalama yatış günü en yüksek tanı “N39.0-Üriner sistem enfeksiyonu, yeri tanımlanmamış”ın yatış süresi 22 gün olduğu görülmüştür. Üroloji servisinin toplam yatan hasta maliyeti 2019 yılında 6.770.861,63 TL, 2020 yılında 2.416.577,08 TL ve 2021 yılında 2.293.954,37 TL’dir. Üroloji servisi hasta başına ortalama yatış maliyeti ise 2019’da 1.801,24 TL, 2020’de 1.594,05 TL ve 2021’de 1.872,62 TL olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda pandemi döneminde üroloji servisine yatışların, ortalama yatış gününün ve toplam yatan hasta maliyetinin düştüğü sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu durumun pandeminin etkisiyle ertelenen sağlık sorunlarından ve hastanelerde yatışların kısa tutulmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.
Background: Kidney and ureter cancers are two of the most prevalent urological cancers among Iranians. However, studies on the epidemiology and incidence of these cancers are primarily regional and focus on a specific period. Objectives: The present study investigated the trend of the incidence rate of kidney and ureter cancer in Iran from 2004 to 2016. Methods: In this study, information on kidney and ureter cancer cases in Iran from 2004 to 2016 was extracted from the Iranian National Cancer Registry (INCR). Crude and age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) were calculated, and the age-standardized rate (ASR) was measured, using the World Health Organization (WHO) standard population. The Joinpoint software program 4.9.0.1 was used to calculate the annual percent changes (APC) in the trend of the incidence rate of kidney and ureter cancers by age group, regional centers, and tumor grades across a 13-year period. Results: During the study period, 19 659 incidences of ureter and kidney cancer occurred in Iran. The crude and ASR of kidney cancer increased from 0.98 and 1.33 per 100 000 population in 2004 to 3.1 and 3.5 per 100 000 population in 2016, respectively. In addition, the crude and ASR of ureter cancer increased from 0.04 and 0.05 per 100 000 population in 2004 to 0.9 and 1.1 per 100 000 population in 2016, respectively. The national ASR of kidney cancer APC was 22.2% (P > 0.05) from 2004 to 2006 and 4.8% (P < 0.05) from 2006 to 2016, respectively. The national ASR of ureter cancer APC was 290.8% (P < 0.05) from 2004 to 2006 and 7.5% (P < 0.05) from 2006 to 2016. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the incidence rate of kidney and ureter cancer increased over 13 years in Iran. Hence, the implementation of epidemiological studies in various regions and provinces is crucial for gaining a comprehensive and precise understanding of the underlying causes of kidney and ureter cancer incidence.
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