Can we spot deleterious ageing in two waves of data? The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 from ages 70 to 73

Johnson, Wendy; Gow, Alan J.; Corley, Janie; Redmond, Paul; Henderson, Ross; Murray, Catherine; Starr, John M.; Deary, Ian J.

doi:10.14301/llcs.v3i3.198

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Internal consistency/short-term test-retest stability for Inspection Time was unavailable. We therefore indicate that the reliability of Inspection Time is greater than or equal to its 3-year test-retest stability, which is reported inJohnson et al (2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In such instances, more prolonged longitudinal intervals would be necessary for systematic changes to accumulate to the degree that correlations become detectable. Indeed, based on previous simple difference score analyses of single cognitive tests and other single variables in these LBC1936 data, Johnson et al (2012) concluded that "two waves of longitudinal data were not sufficient to assess meaningful patterns of ageing" (p. 312).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Structure and correlates of cognitive aging in a narrow age cohort.

Tucker‐Drob¹,

Briley²,

Starr³

et al. 2014

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aging-related changes occur for multiple domains of cognitive functioning. An accumulating body of research indicates that, rather than representing statistically independent phenomena, aging-related cognitive changes are moderately to strongly correlated across domains. However, previous studies have typically been conducted in age-heterogeneous samples over longitudinal time lags of 6 or more years, and have failed to consider whether results are robust to a comprehensive set of controls. Capitalizing on 3-year longitudinal data from the Lothian Birth Cohort of 1936, we took a longitudinal narrow age cohort approach to examine cross-domain cognitive change interrelations from ages 70 to 73 years. We fit multivariate latent difference score models to factors representing visuospatial ability, processing speed, memory, and crystallized ability. Changes were moderately interrelated, with a general factor of change accounting for 47% of the variance in changes across domains. Change interrelations persisted at close to full strength after controlling for a comprehensive set of demographic, physical, and medical factors including educational attainment, childhood intelligence, physical function, APOE genotype, smoking status, diagnosis of hypertension, diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, and diagnosis of diabetes. Thus, the positive manifold of aging-related cognitive changes is highly robust in that it can be detected in a narrow age cohort followed over a relatively brief longitudinal period, and persists even after controlling for many potential confounders.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and correlates of cognitive aging in a narrow age cohort.

Tucker‐Drob¹,

Briley²,

Starr³

et al. 2014

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Substantial long-term relations in the opposite direction have also been found, for example, with childhood intelligence predicting late-life emotional stability (Gow, Whiteman, Pattie, & Deary, 2005). Therefore, future studies should consider operationalizing even wider time spans than the 12 years investigated in this study and including more than two measurement occasions, because two assessments may not be sufficient to capture and describe meaningful patterns of aging as well as the unfolding of processes and their interrelation over time (Johnson et al, 2012; Kenny, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interplay between personality and cognitive ability across 12 years in middle and late adulthood: Evidence for reciprocal associations.

Wettstein

Tauber

Kuźma

et al. 2017

Psychology and Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on relationships between personality and cognitive abilities has so far resulted in inconsistent findings regarding the strength of the associations. Moreover, relationships have rarely been compared longitudinally and bidirectionally between midlife versus late-life cohorts by considering different personality traits as well as multiple cognitive domains over a long-term follow-up period. We hypothesize that the interplay between the "Big Five" personality traits (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) and cognitive abilities (information processing speed, crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence) may change from midlife to old age due to age-associated changes in cognitive and personality plasticity. We used data from the German Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE study; n = 1,002). Participants were either born in 1950/52 (midlife sample, n = 502) or in 1930/32 (late-life sample, n = 500) and followed up for up to 12 years. Based on bivariate latent change score regression models (adjusted for gender, education, self-rated and physician-rated health), we observed that, apart from very few exceptions, the intervariable cross-lagged associations between personality traits and cognitive abilities were generally similar between cohorts. Moreover, in case of neuroticism, extraversion, and openness, the effects of cognitive abilities on change in personality were stronger than the reversed effects. Our findings thus suggest that the so far predominant perspective of personality in middle adulthood and late-life as a predictor, rather than as an outcome, of cognitive abilities needs more differentiation and reconsideration. (PsycINFO Database Record

show abstract

“…Sixth, the availability of more measurement occasions would have been desirable. According to Kenny (2005), the unfolding of processes and their interrelations over time may not be sufficiently informed (and described) based on two assessments only (see also Johnson et al, 2012). Therefore, future studies including more measurement occasions are necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

12-Year Associations of Health with Personality in the Second Half of Life

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We examined longitudinal associations between personality, objective (physician-rated) and self-rated health over 12 years in two German cohorts (midlife cohort, born 1950/52, nT0 = 502; late-life cohort, born 1930/32, nT0 = 500) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE). Based on cross-lagged panel design analyses controlling for sex, education, depression, and cognitive abilities, we found that after 12 years better baseline objective health predicted lower Neuroticism and higher Agreeableness, whereas baseline Extraversion and Conscientiousness were positive predictors of later self-rated health. Our findings thus illustrate that the direction of longitudinal personality-health associations is dependent on whether objective or self-rated health is considered, whereas relations do not seem to be considerably different in midlife vs. in old age.

show abstract

Can we spot deleterious ageing in two waves of data? The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 from ages 70 to 73

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Structure and correlates of cognitive aging in a narrow age cohort.

Structure and correlates of cognitive aging in a narrow age cohort.

The interplay between personality and cognitive ability across 12 years in middle and late adulthood: Evidence for reciprocal associations.

12-Year Associations of Health with Personality in the Second Half of Life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About