Can cultural tourism experience enhance cultural confidence? The evidence from Qingyuan Mountain

Abstract

A questionnaire survey was conducted among 600 visitors to the region using Qingyuan Mountain, a 5A picturesque location in Quanzhou City, Fujian Province, as the research site. A total of 489 valid questionnaires were received. The links between cultural involvement, cultural experience, cultural identity, cultural confidence, and cultural loyalty were experimentally examined using a structural equation modeling technique. The results showed that cultural experience was a mediating factor in the processes of the influence of cultural involvement on cultural identity and the influence of cultural involvement on cultural confidence, but the influence of cultural involvement on cultural identity and the influence of cultural involvement on cultural confidence were not supported. The study accordingly condenses theoretical contributions to academia and management insights for businesses.

The cultural efficacy of elementary school students：scale development and validation

“…Second, ancient Chinese costume culture demonstrates con dence and is an important method for sharing the nation's story abroad, spreading the nation's voice, and shaping the nation's image [37]. Some scholars have studied the cultural e cacy of tourists visiting red tourist attractions and con rmed that red tourism could enhance tourists' con dence in Chinese culture [38,39]. Cultural e cacy also affects the happiness of local residents, and a signi cant positive correlation between cultural e cacy and spiritual happiness has been demonstrated in eld surveys [18].…”

“…Current research on cultural e cacy focuses more on the integration of culture and identity [39]. For example, regarding research methods, the current academic focus on cultural e cacy is in the elds of political science, education, and sociology; thus, the approach is fruitful in terms of theoretical discourse but lacks the support of empirical research [41].…”

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“…The 2 emotional value items were adapted from the scale from the work of Lee et al [58] and the scale of Sweeney et al [76]. The selection of 2 cultural identity items was based on the work of Lin et al [77] in 2022. Finally, for behavior intention, the 2 items were based on the study of Chen et al [78].…”