“…A similar concept was proposed by the U.K. Parliamentary Advisory Group (PAG) on CCS (PAG 2016) and Haszeldine (2016), albeit focused on certificates of storage implemented at a national (U.K.) or regional (European) level. The European Commission (2013) also briefly considered policy options for what it termed CCS certificates, based on placing an obligation to acquire and surrender such certificates either on EU-based power generators, in a similar way as applied in a renewables obligation scheme, or on fuel suppliers based on embedded carbon, i.e., the fossil carbon content of products supplied, as per Allen et al, the PAG and Haszeldine.…”