Camphor poisoning

Sahana, Kanagal; Rajiv, D.

doi:10.1007/s13312-012-0174-6

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…There is a marked paucity of data regarding camphor toxicity in India. [ 2 3 ] However, in the literature abroad, there are some case reports of camphor intoxication in children. Although the vast majority of reported cases are due to accidental oral ingestion, especially in the pediatric age group, a few case reports suggest that absorption and intoxication can also occur through inhalation, nasal instillation or through the skin,[ 4 ] even during abdominal massage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camphor poisoning: An unusual cause of seizure in children

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camphor poisoning: An unusual cause of seizure in children

et al. 2015

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“…The neurotoxic dose of camphor is >50 mg/kg body weight, and the fatal dose is 500 mg/kg body weight. 14,17,18…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seizure may be the first sign of systemic toxicity and may occur soon after ingestion without any preceding symptoms. 14,17,19 Seizures can occur after gastrointestinal, dermal, or inhalation exposures to camphor. 16 Camphor can also lead to hepatic and renal injury.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is commonly seen in household items, including vaporized or topical cold preparations (for example Vicks Vaporub is 4.18% camphor and Tiger Balm), topical musculoskeletal anesthetics preparations (liniments), moth repellents, for performing rituals in religious ceremonies, and in antimicrobial preparations. 14 Camphor is also used in the Indian household in the form of small cubes for its fragrance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Camphor content should not exceed 11% in camphor containing products [as per United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)], but the concentration of camphor is not mentioned on the majority of the products. 14,16 The onset of action is very rapid, and the main effect occurs on the central nervous system, and seizures are most common. The treatment if supportive including, decontamination, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and seizure control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kerosene, Camphor, and Naphthalene Poisoning in Children

Kumar

Kavitha

Angurana

2019

Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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Kerosene poisoning is one of the most common accidental poisoning in children in developing countries due common use of kerosene in household and unsafe storage practices. Aspiration pneumonitis is the most common manifestation of kerosene ingestion due to its low viscosity, high volatility, and low surface tension. The treatment of aspiration pneumonitis due to kerosene poisoning is symptomatic including oxygen support, respiratory monitoring, and careful monitoring of fluid balance. Children with severe respiratory distress and hypoxemia unresponsive to supplemental oxygen and/or severe central nervous system involvement require early intubation and mechanical ventilation. Transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is required at this stage. Emesis, gastric lavage, and administration of activated charcoal are contraindicated due to risk of aspiration. There is no clear benefit of using corticosteroids or prophylactic antibiotics. Asymptomatic children should be kept under observation for atleast 6 hours after exposure. The mortality rate is low and death occurs due to pneumonitis. Camphor is used in household items including vaporized or topical cold preparations, liniments, moth repellents, for performing rituals in religious ceremonies, and in antimicrobial preparations. Camphor poisoning is not very common in childhood. Even small doses of camphor can cause serious toxicity and is potentially fatal. The onset of action is very rapid (5-15 minutes). The common manifestations are confusion, restlessness, delirium, and hallucinations, muscle twitching, myoclonus, ataxia, hyperreflexia, fasciculations, and seizures. Seizures are common and serious complication in camphor toxicity. The treatment is supportive including decontamination, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and seizure control. Naphthalene is a major constituent of mothballs which are commonly used in household to protect clothes from moths. Though the poisoning with naphthalene is uncommon in children, most of the cases with naphthalene poisoning occur in developing countries where mothballs are still commonly used. The manifestations of naphthalene toxicity are predominantly due to acute intravascular hemolysis leading to anemia, hemoglobinuria, methemoglobinemia, and acute kidney injury (AKI). The treatment of naphthalene toxicity is supportive in form of transfusion of the packed red blood cells, monitoring of fluid and electrolyte balance, administration of alkalis in presence of hemoglobinuria, and renal replacement therapy. Prevention is better than cure. The strategies should be adopted to prevent children being exposed to these toxic compounds in the house-hold. Safe storage of toxic compounds away from the reach of children, avoiding storing kerosene in cold drink and beverage bottles, community education, provision of electricity in rural areas, safe cooking practices, and parental supervision are important interventions to prevent accidental poisoning among children.

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Essential Oil-Related Brain Disorders: An Unexplored Under-recognized Conundrum

Mathew

2021

Neuro-Systemic Applications in Learning

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Camphor poisoning

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Camphor poisoning: An unusual cause of seizure in children

Camphor poisoning: An unusual cause of seizure in children

Kerosene, Camphor, and Naphthalene Poisoning in Children

Essential Oil-Related Brain Disorders: An Unexplored Under-recognized Conundrum

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