Calculated tumour volume as a prognostic parameter for survival in choroidal melanomas

Abstract

Purpose Tumour diameter, tumour height, and tumour volume are considered important prognostic indicators of survival in choroidal melanomas. In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact on survival of the easily calculated volume estimate based on the assumption of a half-rotation ellipsoid. Methods The largest tumour diameter and tumour height were measured by ultrasound A-and B-scan in 93 patients with choroidal melanoma. Tumour volume was calculated by the half volume of a rotation ellipsoid formula, rotated around the y-axis, and compared to tumour diameter and tumour height. All parameters were correlated to the clinical outcome of the patients. Results At the time of diagnosis, the mean diameter was 10.4 mm (range 4.1-18.9 mm), and the mean height was 5.7 mm (range 1.74-14.9 mm). The range of the calculated tumour volume was between 11 and 628 mm 3 (mean volume 190 mm 3 ). Among all patients, distant metastases occurred in 10 patients (10.8%). In a univariate approach using Mantel-Haenszel log-rank test, the calculated tumour volume at the time of diagnosis was the best prognostic indicator of survival followed by tumour diameter and tumour height (P ¼ 0.028). When tumour volume, horizontal and vertical tumour diameter, age, sex, and primary tumour therapy were considered in a multivariate approach using Cox proportional Hazard model, only tumour volume turned out as a significant prognostic parameter (P ¼ 0.001). Conclusions Calculated tumour volume is a better prognostic indicator of survival of patients with choroidal melanomas than the largest tumour diameter and tumour height, and might be established in daily routine.

Stereotactic irradiation on linear accelerator - ultrasound versus MRI in choroidal melanoma volume calculation

“…The rotating ellipsoid formula described by Richtig et al was not reproducible on the larger data set. In our study authors, we provide the mean (median) horizontal diameter of the tumor and mean vertical diameter of the tumor (thickness, elevation of the lesion) but not the transverse diameter of the tumor, which in some cases can be bigger than the longitudinal section [ 19 , 30 ].…”

Stereotactic irradiation on linear accelerator - ultrasound versus MRI in choroidal melanoma volume calculation

“…The rotating ellipsoid formula described by Richtig et al was not reproducible on the larger data set. In our study authors, we provide the mean (median) horizontal diameter of the tumor and mean vertical diameter of the tumor (thickness, elevation of the lesion) but not the transverse diameter of the tumor, which in some cases can be bigger than the longitudinal section [ 19 , 30 ].…”

Outcomes After Endoscopic Port Surgery for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematomas

“…Furthermore, our series supports findings from earlier reports that endoscopic evacuation may be particularly beneficial for patients with deep hematomas and hematomas larger than 50 mL in salvageable patients. 19 Future prospective trials will hopefully identify a set of prognostic markers for optimal candidate selection when considering endoscopic evacuation of spontaneous ICH because overall outcomes remain very poor.…”

In vivo high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of choroidal melanoma in rabbits: imaging features and histopathologic correlations

“…Tumor volume can be either measured with 3-dimensional ultrasound, or calculated from the measurements obtained from 2-dimensional ultrasound[5] although the calculated volume differs according to the mathematical formula utilized. [14] Previous studies have demonstrated that 3D ultrasound measures the tumor volume measurements with high accuracy and reproducibility.…”

Stereotactic irradiation on linear accelerator - ultrasound versus MRI in choroidal melanoma volume calculation

“…The rotating ellipsoid formula described by Richtig et al was not reproducible on the larger data set. In our study authors, we provide the mean (median) horizontal diameter of the tumor and mean vertical diameter of the tumor (thickness, elevation of the lesion) but not the transverse diameter of the tumor, which in some cases can be bigger than the longitudinal section [ 19 , 30 ].…”

Outcomes After Endoscopic Port Surgery for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematomas

“…Furthermore, our series supports findings from earlier reports that endoscopic evacuation may be particularly beneficial for patients with deep hematomas and hematomas larger than 50 mL in salvageable patients. 19 Future prospective trials will hopefully identify a set of prognostic markers for optimal candidate selection when considering endoscopic evacuation of spontaneous ICH because overall outcomes remain very poor.…”

In vivo high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of choroidal melanoma in rabbits: imaging features and histopathologic correlations

“…Tumor volume can be either measured with 3-dimensional ultrasound, or calculated from the measurements obtained from 2-dimensional ultrasound[5] although the calculated volume differs according to the mathematical formula utilized. [14] Previous studies have demonstrated that 3D ultrasound measures the tumor volume measurements with high accuracy and reproducibility.…”

Stereotactic irradiation on linear accelerator - ultrasound versus MRI in choroidal melanoma volume calculation

“…The rotating ellipsoid formula described by Richtig et al was not reproducible on the larger data set. In our study authors, we provide the mean (median) horizontal diameter of the tumor and mean vertical diameter of the tumor (thickness, elevation of the lesion) but not the transverse diameter of the tumor, which in some cases can be bigger than the longitudinal section [ 19 , 30 ].…”

Outcomes After Endoscopic Port Surgery for Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematomas

“…Furthermore, our series supports findings from earlier reports that endoscopic evacuation may be particularly beneficial for patients with deep hematomas and hematomas larger than 50 mL in salvageable patients. 19 Future prospective trials will hopefully identify a set of prognostic markers for optimal candidate selection when considering endoscopic evacuation of spontaneous ICH because overall outcomes remain very poor.…”

In vivo high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of choroidal melanoma in rabbits: imaging features and histopathologic correlations

“…Tumor volume can be either measured with 3-dimensional ultrasound, or calculated from the measurements obtained from 2-dimensional ultrasound[5] although the calculated volume differs according to the mathematical formula utilized. [14] Previous studies have demonstrated that 3D ultrasound measures the tumor volume measurements with high accuracy and reproducibility.…”