Calcofluor disrupts the midgut defense system in insects

Wang, Ping; Granados, Robert R.

doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(99)00108-3

Cited by 204 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…5, lanes 2 and 4). Strongly bound PM proteins were also observed in Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera) larvae (Wang & Granados 2000) and Lucilia cuprina (Diptera) larvae (Elvin et al 1996). The majority of the total PM proteins from L. cuprina are not solubilized by strong denaturants such as SDS used in our experiments (Tellam et al 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Leguminosae) Extract Modifies the Peritrophic Matrix Structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae)

Gusmão

Páscoa

Mathias

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…4B), probably due to alteration of the chitin meshwork containing pores. The enlarged PM pores allow the passage of ingested food material to midgut epithelium (Harper et al 1998, Wang & Granados 2000.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Leguminosae) Extract Modifies the Peritrophic Matrix Structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae)

Gusmão

Páscoa

Mathias

et al. 2002

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Since all the PIFs are ODV envelope proteins and HearNPV is an SNPV, we concluded that the four PIFs need to be co-occluded in the same ODV envelope to accomplish their function. Calcofluor blocks PM formation by binding to chitin, leading to changes of midgut physiology and loss of protection of the insect midgut from virus infection (Wang & Granados, 2000). Our experiment with Calcofluor suggested that the PM of the insect is not likely to be the functional target of HearNPV PIFs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…To investigate whether damage of PM could enhance the infectivity of pif-deletion viruses, 1 % (w/v) Calcofluor (Wang & Granados, 2000) was used to disturb the PM of H. armigera. Calcofluor (1 %) plus 10 8 OBs ml 21 recombinant viruses (vHaBacDp74-ph, vHaBacDpif1-ph, vHaBacDpif2-ph or vHaBacDpif3-ph) were used to infect early third-instar H. armigera larvae using the droplet method and the results were compared with the control groups infected only with viruses, but without Calcofluor.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional studies of per os infectivity factors of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus

Song

Wang

Deng

et al. 2008

Journal of General Virology

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A combined functional investigation on the four per os infectivity factors (PIFs) of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) was conducted in this study. HearNPV bacmids with deletions of p74 (Ha20), pif1 (Ha111), pif2 (Ha132) and pif3 (Ha98) were constructed individually by homologous recombination in Escherichia coli cells. Repaired bacmids with respective pifs were also constructed. Western blot analyses revealed that all four PIFs were structural components of the envelope of HearNPV occlusion-derived virus (ODV). Electron microscopy showed that deletion of the pifs did not have any obvious effects on the morphology of the occlusion bodies (OBs). Bioassay analyses indicated that deletion of any of the above pifs resulted in loss of oral infectivity of OBs. The mixtures of the four pif-deletion mutants also resulted in deficiency of oral infectivity, implying that the four PIFs must be structural components of the same ODV to accomplish their function. Repairing of the respective genes into the pif-deletion bacmids could rescue the oral infectivity of the pif-deletion viruses. Calcofluor, which can damage the peritrophic membrane (PM), could not rescue the defects of the oral infectivity of the pif-deletion viruses, indicating that the PM is not likely to be the functional target of the PIFs.

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“…The optical brightener Tinopal LPW has been found to inhibit the sloughing of virusinfected gut cells (Washburn et al ., 1998) and also affects the integrity of the peritrophic membrane of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) larvae (Wang & Granados, 2000). However, secondary effects on the growth and development of insects that have consumed optical brighteners have not been extensively studied Wang & Granados, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an optical brightener on the development, body weight and sex ratio ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Martínez¹,

Caballero²,

Williams³

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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The incorporation of stilbene-derived optical brighteners into baculovirus formulations can substantially enhance virus infectivity and persistence of inoculum in the field. We evaluated the effect of the optical brightener Tinopal UNPA-GX (Sigma Chemical Co.) on the weight, development time, adult emergence and sex ratio of the principal pest of maize in the Americas, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Tinopal UNPA-GX was incorporated into semi-synthetic diet at a final concentration of 0.1 or 0.05% (w/v) and larvae of S. frugiperda were individually reared on the Tinopal-treated or an untreated control diet. In both Tinopal treatments, the weights of larvae and pupae were significantly reduced by up to 36 and 13%, respectively. The duration of larval development was increased by up to 30% compared to the controls. Adult emergence was high in all treatments (:/90%) and was not affected by the presence of Tinopal in the diet. Significant differences in the proportion of adult females were observed in the 0.05% Tinopal treatment but not in the control or 0.1% Tinopal treatments. By affecting the integrity of the peritrophic membrane and the rate of sloughing of intestinal epithelial cells, natural pest populations exposed to optical brightener residues from bioinsecticide applications are likely to suffer a reduction in growth rate and other correlates of insect fitness.

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Calcofluor disrupts the midgut defense system in insects

Cited by 204 publications

References 29 publications

Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Leguminosae) Extract Modifies the Peritrophic Matrix Structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae)

Derris (Lonchocarpus) urucu (Leguminosae) Extract Modifies the Peritrophic Matrix Structure of Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae)

Functional studies of per os infectivity factors of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus

Effects of an optical brightener on the development, body weight and sex ratio ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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