Calcination-Induced Surface Enrichment of Impurities and Its Effect on Catalytic Properties of Iron Oxide

Yang, Bo; Lee, S.B.; Cheng, Daiyun; Chang, Wan-Ting

doi:10.1006/jcat.1993.1127

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Even a small amount of impurity can have an impact on the catalyst performance. For instance, a Ca impurity surface enrichment during calcination on a 99.9% α-Fe 2 O 3 catalyst led to detrimental performance . Therefore, such effects sometimes need to be investigated in the catalyst preparation phase and after the stability test, when the purity of the raw materials is unknown.…”

Section: Ideal Properties Of An Industrial Catalytic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Materials: Concepts to Understand the Pathway to Implementation

Melián‐Cabrera

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The catalytic process mediated by solid materials plays an important role in current human wealth and environmental protection. It enables the production of clean fuels and chemical products, and it ultimately allows the mitigation of undesired gas or liquid emissions to the environment. These features are highly recognized by the scientific community, industrial sector, and society. Despite this relevance, the hurdles that must be overcome to become industrially relevant are less known. There are many demanding requirements. This commentary reviews, from an academic point of view, the implementation requirements of a catalytic material. The motivation for this perspective article comes from the existing gap between academic research and industrial application. This account first defines what a catalytic material is, from the structural and application point of views. It then locates the catalytic material in an entire system analysis. This includes active sites, reactor system, the entire plant and the integration with other processes. Subsequently, the properties of an ideal industrial catalyst are described, such as activity, selectivity, volumetric efficiency, compatibility, stability, and economics. Finally, it discusses challenges related to the next stages in the process development. These may limit the application, although the material is attractive at the fundamental scale. The discussed topics provide an overview of the fascinating world of catalytic materials and their challenges. The expectation is that more catalysis-based concepts will contribute in the future to more sustainable technologies.

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Section: Ideal Properties Of An Industrial Catalytic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Materials: Concepts to Understand the Pathway to Implementation

Melián‐Cabrera

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The dehydrogenations of the active sites on the α-Fe 2 O 3 catalyst declined by the existing O 2 were more easily performed than those of the γ-Fe 2 O 3 catalyst. 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Nitrogen compounds have been shown to have similar behaviors (reversible inhibitors to the catalyst) as sulfur compounds. 11 Yang et al 12 used a ferric catalyst to dehydrogenate ethylene. They found that the different catalysts had different characteristics of the active sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Catalytic Incineration of Styrene over an Mn₂O₃/Fe₂O₃ Catalyst

Tseng

Chu

2002

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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In this study, styrene monomer (SM) was treated by a commercial catalyst, Mn 2 O 3 /Fe 2 O 3 , in a fixed-bed reactor. The study can be classified into two major parts. First, the effects of operating factors, such as temperature, SM concentration, space velocity, and O 2 concentration, on the performance of the catalyst were investigated. Second, two catalyst life tests were carried out to characterize the deactivation effect of SM.The results show that the catalyst results in higher conversion of SM at a higher inlet temperature and higher O 2 concentrations. The conversion of SM decreases with increasing SM concentration and space velocity. From the statistical analysis of the data, we find that temperature is the most important factor on the catalytic incineration. Oxygen concentration, SM concentration, and space velocity are significant parameters as well. This paper also provides information on the deactivation effect of SM. The catalysts were characterized by surface and pore-size analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) before and after the tests. The results show that the catalytic deactivation may be caused by carbon coating, and the pore size and surface area of the catalyst are smaller after deactivation.

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