Calcination-Enhanced Laser-Induced Damage Threshold of 3D Micro-Optics Made with Laser Multi-Photon Lithography

Gailevičius, Darius; Zvirblis, Rokas; Galvanauskas, Karolis; Batavičiūtė, Gintarė; Malinauskas, Mangirdas

doi:10.3390/photonics10050597

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Photonic crystal (PhC) lasers now deliver tens of Watts output powers at near-IR wavelengths from sub-1 mm apertures at very low divergence angle [20]. Micro-optics based on a high damage threshold SZ2080™photo-resist is a promising solution [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fraxicon for Optical Applications with Aperture ∼1 mm

Mu,

Smith,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Emerging applications of optical technologies are driving the development of miniaturised light sources, which in turn require the fabrication of matching micro-optical elements with sub-1 mm cross sections and high optical quality. This is particularly challenging for spatially-constrained biomedical applications where reduced dimensionality is required, such as endoscopy, optogenetics, or optical implants. Planarisation of a lens by the Fresnel lens approach was adapted for a conical lens (axicon) and was made by direct femtosecond 780 nm/100 fs laser writing in SZ2080™polymer with photo-initiator. Optical characterisation of the positive and negative fraxicons is presented. Numerical modeling of fraxicon optical performance under illumination by incoherent and spatially extended light sources is compared with the ideal case of plane wave illumination. Considering the potential for rapid replication in soft polymers and resists, this approach holds great promise for the most demanding technological applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fraxicon for Optical Applications with Aperture ∼1 mm

Mu,

Smith,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…For SZ2080™, this approach is based on the spontaneous thermal This study aims to demonstrate the possibility of depositing AR coatings on microlenses with sizes less than 100 µm (Figure 1b) using ALD. The feasibility of the method is tested using a hybrid organic-inorganic polymer SZ2080™, which is compatible with the heat treatment post-processing [20], offering high optical damage resilience [21].…”

Section: Preparation Of Spin-coated Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Reflective Coatings Produced via Atomic Layer Deposition for Hybrid Polymer 3D Micro-Optics

et al. 2023

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The increasing demand for optics quality requires the lowest optical power loss, which can occur from unwanted reflections. Laser direct writing (LDW) allows for the fabrication of complex structures, which is particularly advantageous in micro-optic applications. This research demonstrates the possibility of forming an anti-reflective coating on hybrid polymer micro-lenses fabricated by employing LDW without changing their geometry. Such coating deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD) decreased the reflection from 3.3% to 0.1% at a wavelength of 633 nm for one surface of hybrid organic–inorganic SZ2080™ material. This research validates the compatibility of ALD with LDW 3D multiphoton lithography synergistically, expanding its applications on optical grade sub-100 μm scale micro-optics.

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Silica‐Rich Sol‐Gel Ink for Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing of Microscale Structures and Optical Elements

Bin Nun,

Gvishi,

Dana

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Innovative materials enable two‐photon polymerization for precise additive fabrication of intricate optical components. Existing polymeric inks suffer from poor optical performance due to their high organic content. Silica‐rich sol‐gel ink (75 wt%, under ambient conditions) is presented for high‐precision three‐dimensional (3D) printing of microscale structures and optical devices. A photoinitiator with high‐efficiency nonlinear absorption is introduced to initiate two‐photon polymerization. Utilizing a commercial direct laser writing system, 3D‐printing is demonstrated including the optimization of printing parameters and ink characterization. The optical performance of the printed microscale elements using the new sol‐gel ink surpasses commercially available polymeric inks on key metrics: Printed elements exhibit extremely low surface roughness, 3nm; visible and near‐IR light transmission is greater than 90%; Printed elements present enhanced mechanical and chemical resistance to common organic solvents; Structures exhibit low isotropic shrinkage, <10%; Elements withstand continuous‐wave laser intensities exceeding 7 × 105 W cm−2. Direct writing onto an optical fiber tip with no need for surface functionalization is presented, with the demonstration of a tall waveguide taper (≈1:5 aspect ratio) with low losses and modal crosstalk, and a freestanding photonic lantern mode multiplexer. The new ink can be utilized in a variety of applications and across many materials, requiring compact, durable, and complex optical elements.

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Calcination-Enhanced Laser-Induced Damage Threshold of 3D Micro-Optics Made with Laser Multi-Photon Lithography

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Fraxicon for Optical Applications with Aperture ∼1 mm

Fraxicon for Optical Applications with Aperture ∼1 mm

Anti-Reflective Coatings Produced via Atomic Layer Deposition for Hybrid Polymer 3D Micro-Optics

Silica‐Rich Sol‐Gel Ink for Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing of Microscale Structures and Optical Elements

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