Calcification of the Ligamentum Arteriosum in Adults: CT Features

Wimpfheimer, Orit; Haramati, Linda B.; Haramati, Nogah

doi:10.1097/00004728-199601000-00007

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Since LAC was present in one patient at 10 years of age but was absent 3 years later, they suggested that LAC usually develops within the first 7 years of life but disappears within a few years. Another study reported that the prevalence of LAC on unenhanced chest CT in adults was 48 %, much higher than the 11.2 % we observed, and that the prevalence was higher in adults with atherosclerotic calcification (65 %) than in adults without other calcifications (21 %) [6]. This discrepancy may be due to the difference in CT scan technique.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

“…In contrast, conventional CT showed that the prevalence of LAC was higher in adults (48 %, 194/402) than in children (13 %, 7/53) [6,7]. On multi-section CT, however, LAC seems to be detected more frequently than conventional CT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The prevalence of LAC on CT decreased with increasing age, particularly beyond the third decade of life. The prevalence of LAC on CT and its chronological changes have been controversial among previous studies [1,6,7]. For example, a review of findings of LAC on chest radiograph reported that most ([75.0 %) of 75 patients with LAC were younger than age 7 years, whereas seven (9.3 %) were older than 10 years of age [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Hong

Goo

Song

2012

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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To investigate the prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification (LAC) on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography. Five hundred and eight children and 232 adults who performed multi-section chest CT were included in this study and were divided into nine age groups: A (0-5 years), B (6-10 years), C (11-15 years), D (16-20 years), E (21-30 years), F (31-40 years), G (41-50 years), H (51-60 years), and I (61-70 years). Two radiologists assessed the presence of LAC on axial and coronal CT images, defined as focal calcific density on both or on one plane with attenuation >100 Hounsfield unit. The prevalence of LAC on CT was compared between children and adults, and between unenhanced and enhanced CT in children. The prevalence of LAC on digital radiography was evaluated in 476 children. The prevalence of definite LAC on unenhanced multi-section CT was significantly higher in children (37.8 %) than in adults (11.2 %) (P < 0.001), with prevalences in groups: A through I of 35.8, 48.7, 35.1, 28.6, 25.0, 10.2, 15.5, 7.8, and 5.6 %, respectively. The prevalences of indeterminate LAC in age groups A-I on unenhanced multi-section CT were 4.5, 12.8, 8.1, 19.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0, and 1.9 %. In children, the prevalence of LAC was significantly higher on unenhanced than on enhanced CT (37.8 vs. 16.4 %, P < 0.001). The prevalence of LAC on digital radiography was 3.6 % in children. LAC is frequently observed in children and adults on multi-section spiral CT, more frequently than previously reported. Compared with that on multi-section spiral CT, the prevalence of LAC on digital radiography is substantially low.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Hong

Goo

Song

2012

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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“…11,12 Potential links between calcification and atherosclerosis have recently been proposed. 13 Whereas natural or synthetic calcification can be detected by x-ray diffraction (CT), 14 B-mode echography, 15 or MRI, 16 quantification of calcium salts in biological samples still requires that the tissue sample be delipidated and then digested with concentrated acid before standard chemical assays are performed. 17,18 Therefore, introduction of simple and reliable instrumental methods to quantify the plaque composition (ex vivo) will be useful for the interpretation and calibration of the in vivo measurements.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quantification In Situ of Crystalline Cholesterol and Calcium Phosphate Hydroxyapatite in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques by Solid-State Magic Angle Spinning NMR

Guo

Morrisett

DeBakey

et al. 2000

ATVB

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Because of renewed interest in the progression, stabilization, and regression of atherosclerotic plaques, it has become important to develop methods for characterizing structural features of plaques in situ and noninvasively. We present a nondestructive method for ex vivo quantification of 2 solid-phase components of plaques: crystalline cholesterol and calcium phosphate salts. Magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of human carotid endarterectomy plaques revealed 13 C resonances of crystalline cholesterol monohydrate and a 31 P resonance of calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite (CPH). The spectra were obtained under conditions in which there was little or no interference from other chemical components and were suitable for quantification in situ of the crystalline cholesterol and CPH. Carotid atherosclerotic plaques showed a wide variation in their crystalline cholesterol content. The calculated molar ratio of liquid-crystalline cholesterol to phospholipid ranged from 1.1 to 1.7, demonstrating different capabilities of the phospholipids to reduce crystallization of cholesterol. The spectral properties of the phosphate groups in CPH in carotid plaques were identical to those of CPH in bone. 31 P MAS NMR is a simple, rapid method for quantification of calcium phosphate salts in tissue without extraction and time-consuming chemical analysis. Crystalline phases in intact atherosclerotic plaques (ex vivo) can be quantified accurately by solid-state 13 C and 31 P MAS NMR spectroscopy. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:1630-1636.) Key Words: magic angle spinning NMR crystalline cholesterol calcium phosphate hydroxyapatite phospholipids atherosclerotic plaques T here is renewed interest in the ultrastructure of athero-sclerotic plaques for several reasons. Recent work has shown that plaque stability, which is dependent on composition and ultrastructure, plays an important role in cardiovas-cular disease. Plaques with a lipid-rich core and a thin, fibrous cap are more likely to rupture, leading to thrombus formation. 1-3 Some ultrastructural features underlying plaque stability are now known in sufficient detail to predict plaque stability. The thickness of the fibrous cap and the infiltration of macrophages and T cells are highly correlated with plaque vulnerability and rupture. 4 Because there is new evidence that certain diets and drugs may promote regression of plaques, 5 it is important to determine the relationship between the phys-icochemical properties of plaques and regression potential. Lipids present in different phases have different physical properties (eg, diffusion rates), which are directly related to the rate of lipid egress and plaque regression. 6 Therefore, quantitative knowledge of the lipid phases in a plaque in situ is crucial. Cholesterol is 1 of the major lipids found in atherosclerotic plaques. 7 At the early stage of plaque development, cholesterol is incorporated mainly into phospholipid bilayers in the liquid-crystalline phase and, to a lesser extent, is partiti...

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“…Calcification of the ligamentum arteriosum and/or of the aortic wall in the aortic isthmus area. This calcification in the adults may be in several patterns such as curvilinear, punctate or clumped, and in incidence up to 65% [8]. In our case, we chose the surgical instead of the endovascular-intervention, for the following two reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remnant of a non-patent ductus arteriosus mimicking traumatic thoracic aorta transection: a case report

Apostolakis

Baikoussis

Kalogeropoulou

et al. 2010

J Cardiothorac Surg

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We present an interesting case of a 53-year-old man with a non-patent ductus arteriosus erroneously diagnosed as acute thoracic aorta transection after a car accident. The aortography revealed a "rupture" of the linear inner curve of the aorta in the isthmus area, as well as a protrusion of the aortic lumen in the corresponding area. During the followed thoracotomy an intact thoracic aorta and the remnant of a non-patent ligamentum arteriosum were found. It is the first reported case and we review all the possible entities which may give a false-positive image of traumatic aortic transection.

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Calcification of the Ligamentum Arteriosum in Adults: CT Features

Abstract: On unenhanced chest CT calcification of the ligamentum arteriosum is a common finding in adults and increases in prevalence with increasing age and atherosclerosis.

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Prevalence of ligamentum arteriosum calcification on multi-section spiral CT and digital radiography

Quantification In Situ of Crystalline Cholesterol and Calcium Phosphate Hydroxyapatite in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques by Solid-State Magic Angle Spinning NMR

Remnant of a non-patent ductus arteriosus mimicking traumatic thoracic aorta transection: a case report

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