Búsqueda del Reservorio Marsupial (Didelphis marsupialis) de la Enfermedad de Chagas en el Estado de Hidalgo, México

Abstract

Zoonoses are infections and diseases that are naturally transmitted from vertebrate animals to man and vice versa, where at least one domestic or wild animal species is involved, as is the case of the parasitic zoonosis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which has a transmitting vector as Triatominos through the participation of domestic or wild animal reservoirs. To determine, through a survey instrument, if the Tlacuache is an animal reservoir that probably maintains the biological cycle and the Chagas disease transmission and if it is in cohabitation with inhabitants of the State of Hidalgo. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out by applying a survey to 176 people. The instrument was elaborated by 10 questions about the reservoir commonly named "Tlacuache". It was also requested that photographic evidence of these mammals be obtained whenever possible and it was requested that, if possible, the hearts be obtained to perform the search for macroscopic pathology and the presence of the parasite in the hearts of opossums for the search of nests of amastigotes in the myocardium collected. Of the 176 respondents, 98.90% know the opossums. 76% of people use it for food purposes, 14.70% do not know, 7.84% use it for healing purposes and 0.98% use it as a pet. The results show a synanthropic relationship. Findings in hearts denote the effect of Tripanozoma spp. The results allow establishing that the opossum is a probable reservoir of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi in the State of Hidalgo, which exists a synanthropic relationship with the communities. Situation that is not as different as the rest of the country's states.Resumen: