Burnout among Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Results of a Questionnaire-based Survey

Khasne, Ruchira W; Dhakulkar, Bhagyashree; Mahajan, Hitendra Chandrakant; Kulkarni, Atul P

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23518

Cited by 230 publications

(205 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Descriptive analyses also show that a significant amount of participants (about one out of three) had a high level of emotional exhaustion. This result is in line with the previous literature on the impact of the COVID-19 and other pandemic emergencies on healthcare professional mental health (Barello et al 2020a ; Braquehais et al 2020 ; Giusti et al 2020 ; Kulkarni et al 2020 ; Özdemir and Kerse 2020 ). This is particularly worrying because previous studies have demonstrated that this symptom is associated with a decrease in work performance due to negative behaviors towards work (Wright and Cropanzano 1998 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

Barello

Caruso

Palamenghi

et al. 2021

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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Purpose The purpose of the present cross-sectional study is to investigate the role of perceived COVID-19-related organizational demands and threats in predicting emotional exhaustion, and the role of organizational support in reducing the negative influence of perceived COVID-19 work-related stressors on burnout. Moreover, the present study aims to add to the understanding of the role of personal resources in the Job Demands-Resources model (JD-R) by examining whether personal resources—such as the professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement—may also strengthen the impact of job resources and mitigate the impact of job demands. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 532 healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. It adopted the Job-Demands-Resource Model to study the determinants of professional’s burnout. An integrative model describing how increasing job demands experienced by this specific population are related to burnout and in particular to emotional exhaustion symptoms was developed. Results The results of the logistic regression models provided strong support for the proposed model, as both Job Demands and Resources are significant predictors (OR = 2.359 and 0.563 respectively, with p < 0.001). Moreover, healthcare professionals’ orientation towards patient engagement appears as a significant moderator of this relationship, as it reduces Demands’ effect (OR = 1.188) and increases Resources’ effect (OR = 0.501). Conclusions These findings integrate previous findings on the JD-R Model and suggest the relevance of personal resources and of relational factors in affecting professionals’ experience of burnout.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

Barello

Caruso

Palamenghi

et al. 2021

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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“…The results show that more than half of HCW presented high levels of fatigue and exhaustion related to work (53.1%), personal (52.5%), and client-related burnout (35.4%). These results are substantially higher than those found in the study developed in India with a sample of 2026 HCW [ 46 ], where the prevalence of personal burnout was 44.6% (903) and work-related burnout was 26.9% (544). Compared to the previous report [ 5 ], in the period pre-COVID-19, on 1728 Portuguese HCW, 21.6% showed moderate burnout and 47.8% showed high burnout, the incidence burnout in our study was relatively higher.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Burnout and Depression in Portuguese Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic—The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

Serrão

Duarte

Castro

et al. 2021

IJERPH

104

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCW) have been exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors. Resilience might protect employees from the negative consequences of chronic stress. The aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between depression and burnout (personal, work-related, and client-related). A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire distributed via social networks. A survey was conducted comprising standardized measures of resilience (Resilience Scale-25 items), depression (subscale of Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 items), and burnout (Copenhagen Burnout Inventory Scale-19 items). A total of 2008 subjects completed the survey, and a hierarchical regression model was estimated for each burnout dimension. The results revealed that depression had not only a directed effect on personal, work- and client-related burnout, but also an indirect small effect on it through resilience. Psychological resilience played a partial mediating role between depression and all burnout dimensions. This partial mediation suggests that there may be other possible variables (e.g., social connection, self-compassion, gratitude, sense of purpose) that further explain the associations.

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“…Main characteristics of the 14 studies included in our systematic review are shown in Table 1. Study population included only nurses in five studies, 27,28,33,36,40 while nine studies 29–32,34,35,37–39 included HCWs in general. A total of 17,390 nurses were included in this systematic review, while two studies 37,38 did not report the number of nurses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Galanis

Vraka

Fragkou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, physical and mental health of the nurses is greatly challenged since they work under unprecedented pressure and they are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of the disease.AimTo examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses’ burnout and to identify associated risk factors.MethodsWe followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and pre-print services (medRχiv and PsyArXiv) were searched from January 1, 2020 to November 15, 2020 and we removed duplicates. We applied a random effect model to estimate pooled effects since the heterogeneity between results was very high.FindingsFourteen studies, including 17,390 nurses met the inclusion criteria. Five standardized and valid questionnaires were used to measure burnout among nurses; Maslach Burnout Inventory, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5, Mini-Z, and Spanish Burnout Inventory. The overall prevalence of emotional exhaustion was 34.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.5-46.6%), of depersonalization was 12.6% (95% CI: 6.9-19.7%), and of lack of personal accomplishment was 15.2% (95% CI: 1.4-39.8%). The following factors were associated with increased nurses’ burnout: younger age, higher educational level, higher degree, decreased social support, having a relative/friend diagnosed with COVID-19, low family and colleagues readiness to cope with COVID-19 outbreak, increased perceived threat of Covid-19, longer working time in quarantine areas, working in a high-risk environment (a COVID-19 designated hospital, a COVID-19 unit, etc.), working in hospitals with inadequate and insufficient material and human resources, decreased working safety while caring for COVID-19 patients, increased workload, decreased self-confidence in self-protection, and lower levels of specialized training regarding COVID-19, job experience, and self-confidence in caring for COVID-19.ConclusionNurses experience high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, while several sociodemographic, social and occupational factors affect this burnout. Several interventions need to be implemented to mitigate mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses, e.g. screening for mental health illness and early supportive interventions for high-risk nurses, immediate access to mental health care services, social support to reduce feelings of isolation, sufficient personal protective equipment for all nurses to provide security etc. Governments, health care organizations and policy makers should act in this direction to prepare health care systems, individuals and nurses for a better response against the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Burnout among Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in India: Results of a Questionnaire-based Survey

Cited by 230 publications

References 35 publications

Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

Factors associated with emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals involved in the COVID-19 pandemic: an application of the job demands-resources model

Burnout and Depression in Portuguese Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic—The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

Nurses’ burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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