Burn Injury Pain: The Continuing Challenge

Summer, Gretchen J.; Puntillo, Kathleen; Miaskowski, Christine; Green, Paul G.; Levine, Jon D.

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2007.02.426

Cited by 247 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…Burns are responsible for many pathophysiological changes [5][6][7] , representing a severe form of trauma 7,8 which may result in complications such as: a rise in infection rate, an increase in hospital stay, prolonged time of inactivity and also a greater mortality rate. Among other changes, concerning reintegration into society post discharge, psychological changes are also observed such as post-traumatic stress syndrome in the cases of victims of extensive burns 5,9,10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Mitsunaga

Gragnani

Ramos³

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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PURPOSE:To revise and systematize scientific knowledge of the experimental model for cutaneous burns in rats. METHODS:A bibliographical review from 2008 up to January 2011 in PubMed, EMBASE and LILACS was undertaken. Were used the keywords: animal models, burns and rats. 221 studies were identified, and 116 were selected. RESULTS:It was found that: 54/86 (62.7%) had third degree burns; 55/73 (75.3%) studied the back; 45/78 (57.6%) used heated water and 27/78 (35.9%) incandescent instruments; 39/78 (50%) studied systemic effects; 22/71 (31%) used ketamine associated with xylazine; 61/64 (95.3%) performed depilation with appropriate equipment; 36/72 (50%) used microscopy; more than 50% did not describe analgesia or antibiotics during the postoperative period; in 42/116 (36.2%) postoperative fluid therapy was performed; and the time interval after the burn, up to the beginning of the results analysis varied from 7s up to four weeks. Legislation issues on burn experiments are discussed. CONCLUSION:The hot water was the main method to induce burns those of third degree on the back, with anesthesia using ketamine and xylazine, after depilation. These were evaluated microscopically, without using analgesia or an antibiotic during the postoperative period. The studies were not very reproducible. CONCLUSÃO: Líquido aquecido foi o principal método para induzir queimadura de terceiro grau no dorso do animal, com anestesia usando quetamina e xilazina, após depilação, avaliados por microscopia, sem uso de analgesia ou antibióticos. Os estudos não são reprodutíveis.Descritores: Modelos Animais. Queimaduras. Pele. Revisão. Ratos.Mitsunaga Jr JK et al.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Mitsunaga

Gragnani

Ramos³

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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“…Burns are responsible for many pathophysiological changes [1][2][3] , represents a severe form of trauma 3,4 . Although there are many advances in knowledge of burn care, treatment is still suboptimal, because there is still lack of studies based on evidence 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of experimental in vitro burn model

et al. 2014

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PURPOSE:To propose an experimental burn model in NIH-3T3 cell line. METHODS:Induction of thermal injury in cultures of mouse fibroblast -NIH-3T3-cell line and determination of cell viability by MTT and imunofluorescence. RESULTS:The heating of the Petri dish increased proportionally to the temperature of the base and the time of exposure to microwave.In this in vitro burn model, using the cell line NIH-3T3 was observed drastic cellular injury with significant changes in cell viability and activity. It showed drastically modified cell morphology with altered membrane, cytoskeleton and nucleus, and low cellularity compared to the control group. CONCLUSION:The burn model in vitro using the cell line NIH-3T3 was reproductive and efficient. This burn model was possible to determine significant changes in cell activity and decreased viability, with drastic change in morphology, cell lysis and death.

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“…Each year, approximately 1.25 million people in the United States sustain a burn injury [2]. Compared to patients burned prior to 1970, people now more commonly survive burn injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pain is an overwhelmingly common symptom in burn patients [5] and is still known to be undertreated [2]. The pathophysiologic process of burn injury causes intense, repeated activation of the painrelated nociceptors in the burn-injured tissue [5] as well as hyperalgesia [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathophysiologic process of burn injury causes intense, repeated activation of the painrelated nociceptors in the burn-injured tissue [5] as well as hyperalgesia [6]. Unrelieved pain after burn injury may beget larger concerns for patients and providers, as chronic pain can lead to further sensory disorders [2] as well as mental health issues [5]. There is tremendous variability in pain experienced by burn patients and we currently have no evidence that age, sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity, occupation or education are reliable predictors of pain [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospective Evaluation Of Biofield Energy Therapy For Burdensome Symptoms Of Burn Injury: A Pilot Study

Pk¹,

Te²,

Mh³

et al. 2014

J Pain Relief

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Background: Burn injuries are associated with a variety of symptoms including pain, pruritis, anxiety and fatigue. Current pharmacotherapy is able to alleviate one or more of these symptoms, but typically requires different drugs for each symptom. An ideal therapy would be one in which several of these symptoms could be assuaged or eliminated by a single intervention. Biofield Energy Therapy is a unique complementary therapy that was designed to help modulate this myriad of symptoms.

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Burn Injury Pain: The Continuing Challenge

Cited by 247 publications

References 190 publications

Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Rat an experimental model for burns: A systematic review

Development of experimental in vitro burn model

Prospective Evaluation Of Biofield Energy Therapy For Burdensome Symptoms Of Burn Injury: A Pilot Study

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