Buckling characterization of vertical ZnO nanowires using nanoindentation

Ji, Liang‐Wen; Young, Sheng-Joue; Fang, Te-Hua; Liu, Chien-Hung

doi:10.1063/1.2431785

Cited by 82 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The critical buckling force of fixed-fixed zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires is found to increase with an increasing nanowire radius [27,28]. A decreasing aspect ratio of a fixed-fixed silicon nanowire would induce an increasing critical buckling load [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buckling behavior of nanowires predicted by a new surface energy density model

Yao

Chen

2016

Acta Mech

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The axial buckling behavior of nanowires is investigated with a new continuum theory, in which the surface effect of nanomaterials is characterized by the surface energy density. Only the surface energy density of bulk materials and the surface relaxation parameter are involved, instead of the surface elastic constants in the classical surface elasticity theory. Two kinds of nanowires with different boundary conditions are discussed. It is demonstrated that the new continuum theory can predict the buckling behavior of nanowires very well. Similar to the prediction of the classical elasticity theory, the critical compressive load of axial buckling of nanowires predicted by the new continuum theory increases with an increasing characteristic length, such as the diameter or height of nanowires. With the same aspect ratio, a nanowire with a rectangular cross section possesses a larger critical buckling load than that with a circular one. However, the surface effect could enhance the critical buckling load not only for a fixed-fixed nanowire but also for a cantilevered one in contrast to the classical elastic model. All the results predicted by the new continuum theory agree well with predictions by the surface elasticity models. The present research not only verifies the validation of the new continuum theory, but also gives a much more convenient characterization of buckling behaviors of nanowires. This should be helpful for the design of nanodevices based on nanomaterials, for example, nanobeams in NEMS or high-precision instruments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buckling behavior of nanowires predicted by a new surface energy density model

Yao

Chen

2016

Acta Mech

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“…9 From then on, nanosized optoelectronic devices were widely investigated. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Recently hierarchical nanostructure attract researchers' interests for its high surface-volume ratio which is benefit to improve the performance of the nanodevices. [26][27][28][29][30][31] Because of similar bandgap and optoeletronics functions of ZnO and SnO 2 , hybrid ZnO/SnO 2 threedimensional hierarchical nanostructures were fabricated and investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brush-like SnO2/ZnO hierarchical nanostructure: Synthesis, characterization and application in UV photoresponse

Dai

Guo

et al. 2013

AIP Advances

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Brush-like hierarchical SnO2/ZnO nanostructure with high surface to volume ratio was synthesized by a two-step growth method. In the first growth stage, SnO2 nanowires were fabricated by vapor transport method. In the second growth stage, ZnO nanorods were hydrothermally grown up around the SnO2 nanowires to form brush-like SnO2/ZnO hierarchical structure. The structure morphology was characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The oxygen vacancy related photoluminescence from the nanostructure was investigated based on the XPS result. A UV photodetector was realized using the brush-like SnO2/ZnO nanostructure as active layer. The device showed good reversibility and response speed

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“…13 At present, there exists a collection of research reports on the mechanical properties of ZnO nanorods in literature. 9,14-22 Young et al, 19 Wen et al, 20 and Riaz et al 22 discussed the buckling characterization of ZnO nanorods by using the nanoindentation method. Young et al 19 and Wen et al 20 used the Euler model for the characterization of long vertical ZnO nanorods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,14-22 Young et al, 19 Wen et al, 20 and Riaz et al 22 discussed the buckling characterization of ZnO nanorods by using the nanoindentation method. Young et al 19 and Wen et al 20 used the Euler model for the characterization of long vertical ZnO nanorods. Riaz et al 22 used the Euler model as well as the J.B. Johnson model for the characterization of long and intermediate ZnO nanorods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending flexibility, kinking, and buckling characterization of ZnO nanorods/nanowires grown on different substrates by high and low temperature methods

Riaz

Fulati

Yang

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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Nanomechanical tests of bending flexibility, kinking, and buckling failure characterization of vertically aligned single crystal ZnO nanorods/nanowires were performed quantitatively by nanoindentation technique. These nanostructures were grown by the vapor liquid solid ͑VLS͒ method, a relatively high temperature approach, and the aqueous chemical growth ͑ACG͒ method, a relatively low temperature approach on different substrates, including SiC and Si. The first critical load at the inflection point found for the ZnO nanorods/nanowires grown by ACG method was 105 N on the SiC substrates and 114 N on the Si substrates. The corresponding buckling energies calculated from the force-displacement curves were 3.15ϫ 10 −12 and 2.337ϫ 10 −12 J, respectively. Similarly, for the samples grown by the VLS method, the first critical load at the inflection point and the corresponding buckling energies were calculated from the force-displacement curves as 198 N and 7.03ϫ 10 −12 J on the SiC substrates, and 19 N and 1.805ϫ 10 −13 J on the Si substrates. Moreover, the critical buckling stress, strain, and strain energy were also calculated for all samples. The strain energy for all samples was much less than the corresponding buckling energy. This shows that our as-grown samples are elastic and flexible. The elasticity measurement was performed for all the samples before reaching the first critical and kinking inflection point, and we subsequently observed the bending flexibility, kinking, and buckling phenomena on the same nanorods/nanowires. We observed that the loading and unloading behaviors during the bending test of the as-grown samples were highly symmetrical, and also that the highest point on the bending curves and the first inflection and critical point were very close. ZnO nanorods/nanowires grown on SiC by the ACG method, and those grown by the VLS method on Si substrates, show a linear relation and high modulus of elasticity for the force and displacement up to the first inflection and critical point. The results also show that the elasticity of the ZnO single crystal is approximately linear up to the first inflection point, is independent of the growth method and is strongly dependent on the verticality on the surface of the substrates. In addition, the results show that after the first buckling point, the nanorods/nanowires have plasticity, and become more flexible to produce multiple kinks.

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Buckling characterization of vertical ZnO nanowires using nanoindentation

Cited by 82 publications

References 17 publications

Buckling behavior of nanowires predicted by a new surface energy density model

Buckling behavior of nanowires predicted by a new surface energy density model

Brush-like SnO2/ZnO hierarchical nanostructure: Synthesis, characterization and application in UV photoresponse

Bending flexibility, kinking, and buckling characterization of ZnO nanorods/nanowires grown on different substrates by high and low temperature methods

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