Brown Adipose Tissue and Its Relationship to Bone Structure in Pediatric Patients

Ponrartana, Skorn; Aggabao, Patricia C.; Hu, Houchun H.; Aldrovandi, Grace M.; Wren, Tishya A. L.; Gilsanz, Vicente

doi:10.1210/jc.2012-1589

Cited by 65 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The authors also found a positive correlation between BAT volume and thigh muscle CSA. This is in line with the results of a previous study showing that children and teenagers with detectable BAT, as determined by 18 F-FDG-PET/CT, have a significantly greater muscle volume than individuals with no detectable BAT. 41 In addition to the human studies mentioned above, a couple of animal studies have recently evaluated the effects of BAT on bone structure.…”

Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Lee et al 17 found a similar positive correlation between BAT volume and BMD in a group of healthy women, but not in men, suggesting the possibility of a gender-specific connection between BAT and bone. However, such gender-specific connection was not found in a cross-sectional study by Ponrartana et al 18 that showed a significant correlation between BAT volume and femoral cortical bone area and cross-sectional area (CSA) in children and teenagers regardless of sex. Notably, the authors of the study did not exclude the possibility that the association between BAT and bone could, at least in part, be mediated by skeletal muscle, as the predictive power of the model increased by adding skeletal muscle as an independent variable while significantly decreasing the contribution of BAT.…”

Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Bredella et al 16 showed that young women with detectable cold-activated BAT (along the neck, and in the supraclavicular and paravertebral regions), as determined by 18 F-FDG-PET/CT, have a higher total bone mineral density (BMD), and that there is a positive correlation between BAT volume and BMD. Lee et al 17 found a similar positive correlation between BAT volume and BMD in a group of healthy women, but not in men, suggesting the possibility of a gender-specific connection between BAT and bone.…”

Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent human studies have shown positive correlations between BAT volume and both bone cross-sectional area and bone density. [15][16][17][18] Hence, therapies aiming at expanding or activating BAT to treat metabolic disease might also prove to be beneficial for the skeletal structure.…”

Section: Introduction and Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brown adipose tissue and bone

Lidell

Enerbäck

2015

Int J Obes Supp

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ME Lidell and S EnerbäckBrown adipose tissue (BAT) is capable of transforming chemically stored energy, in the form of triglycerides, into heat. Recent studies have shown that metabolically active BAT is present in a large proportion of adult humans, where its activity correlates with a favorable metabolic status. Hence, the tissue is now regarded as an interesting target for therapies against obesity and associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes, the hypothesis being that an induction of BAT would be beneficial for these disease states. Apart from the association between BAT activity and a healthier metabolic status, later studies have also shown a positive correlation between BAT volume and both bone cross-sectional area and bone mineral density, suggesting that BAT might stimulate bone anabolism. The aim of this review is to give the reader a brief overview of the BAT research field and to summarize and discuss recent findings regarding BAT being a potential player in bone metabolism.

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Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonementioning

confidence: 90%

Section: The Connection Between Bat and Bonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Brown adipose tissue and bone

Lidell

Enerbäck

2015

Int J Obes Supp

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“…On this basis we applied an SUV threshold for quantification of BAT volume/activity of ≥1.0 g/ml; while this might be considered low, it is consistent with previous studies reporting increased activity in BAT in this region [30,36,37]. Moreover, the preliminary analysis described above established that there was no overlap with WAT [36,37]. For this analysis we are also confident that this method did not include skeletal muscle, first because of the radiodensity criteria (−180 to −10 Hounsfield units) and second because skeletal muscle SUVmax was ≤0.8 g/ml.…”

Section: Dose Rationalesupporting

confidence: 77%

Ephedrine activates brown adipose tissue in lean but not obese humans

et al. 2012

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Aims/hypothesis Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation increases energy consumption and may help in the treatment of obesity. Cold exposure is the main physiological stimulus for BAT thermogenesis and the sympathetic nervous system, which innervates BAT, is essential in this process. However, cold-induced BAT activation is impaired in obese humans. To explore the therapeutic potential of BAT, it is essential to determine whether pharmacological agents can activate BAT. Methods We aimed to determine whether BAT can be activated in lean and obese humans after acute administration of an orally bioavailable sympathomimetic. In a randomised, double-blinded, crossover trial, we administered 2.5 mg/kg of oral ephedrine to nine lean (BMI 22±1 kg/m 2 ) and nine obese (BMI 36±1 kg/m 2 ) young men. On a separate day, a placebo was administered to the same participants. BAT activity was assessed by measuring glucose uptake with [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging.

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The “Skinny” on brown fat, obesity, and bone

Devlin

2014

American J Phys Anthropol

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The discovery that metabolically active brown fat is present in humans throughout ontogeny raises new questions about the interactions between thermoregulatory, metabolic, and skeletal homeostasis. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is distinct from white adipose tissue (WAT) for its ability to burn, rather than store, energy. BAT uniquely expresses uncoupling protein-1 (abbreviated as UCP1), which diverts the energy produced by cellular respiration to generate heat. While BAT is found in small mammals, hibernators, and newborns, this depot was thought to regress in humans during early postnatal life. Recent studies revealed that human BAT remains metabolically active throughout childhood and even in adulthood, particularly in response to cold exposure. In addition to the constitutive BAT depots present at birth, BAT cells can be induced within WAT depots under specific metabolic and climatic conditions. These cells, called inducible brown fat, "brite," or beige fat, are currently the focus of intense investigation as a possible treatment for obesity. Inducible brown fat is associated with higher bone mineral density, suggesting that brown fat interacts with bone growth in previously unrecognized ways. Finally, BAT may have contributed to climatic adaptation in hominins. Here, I review current findings on the role of BAT in thermoregulation, bone growth, and metabolism, describe the potential role of BAT in moderating the obesity epidemic, and outline possible functions of BAT across hominin evolutionary history. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 156:98-115,

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Brown Adipose Tissue and Its Relationship to Bone Structure in Pediatric Patients

Abstract: The volume of BAT is positively associated with the amount of bone and the cross-sectional size of the femur in children and adolescents. This relation between BAT and bone structure could, at least in part, be mediated by muscle.

Cited by 65 publications

References 24 publications

Brown adipose tissue and bone

Brown adipose tissue and bone

Ephedrine activates brown adipose tissue in lean but not obese humans

The “Skinny” on brown fat, obesity, and bone

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