Bronchodilator Effect of Crataegus azarolus var aronia Unripped Fruit Extracts on Rat’s Tracheal Smooth Muscle

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the bronchodilator effect of different Crataegus azarolus var aronia unripped fruit extracts on tracheal smooth muscle of rats and to study the roles of K channels and EDHFs in produced responses.Background: Crataegus is widely used in Kurdistan Region for the prevention of several diseases such as respiratory, cardiovascular, hypertension …. etc. due to its content of several bioactive compounds like aromatic amines, phenolic acid, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins. Method:The bronchodilator effects of various Crataegus fruit's extracts on rat's tracheal rings and the roles of K + , Ca 2+ channels and EDHFs in bronchodilation using specific blockers.Results: Most of Crataegus fruit's extracts used showed a potent bronchodilator effect on trachea, in which the HME produced a highly significant dilation, followed by methanol and ethyl acetate extracts which showed a considerable relaxant effect. The results confirmed that the induced dilation was NO and PGI2 dependent, along with activations of K ATP and Kir and Kca while Kv plays a minor and limited role. Conclusion:The novel results indicate that HM, M, EA extracts prepared from Crataegus unripped fruit produce a potent bronchodilator effect, which was NO and PGl 2 dependent along with the activation of K ATP , Kir and Kca 2+ channels.