Broad range analysis of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Trenholm, Rebecca A.; Vanderford, Brett J.; Holady, Janie C.; Rexing, David J.; Snyder, Shane A.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.07.004

Cited by 202 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Iopromide Groundwater Australia 0.577 [200] Algae S. subspicatus [158] >10.0 g L [201] Iopromide Germany SPE-HPLC-MS/MS SPE-HPLC-MS 40 [202] Iopromide Germany 50 1600 <50 [203] >1.0 g L…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contam-ination by X-ray contrast media has been reported in different aquatic environments (Table 9). Media have been detected in STP influents and effluents [198][199][200][201], surface waters [199,[201][202][203], groundwaters [26,199,200] and even drinking water [200,202,203] at concentrations that can reach few µg L −1 . Although accepting that X-ray contrast media do not exhibit toxic effects at high con-centration levels, additional studies should be undertaken with a view to evaluating chronic effects, due to continuous exposure of aquatic organisms to these pharmaceuticals.…”

Section: X-ray Contrast Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Santos

Araújo

Fachini

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

1,285

533

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Pharmaceuticals are biologically active and persistent substances which have been recognized as a con-tinuing threat to environmental stability. Chronic ecotoxicity data as well as information on the current distribution levels in different environmental compartments continue to be sparse and are focused on those therapeutic classes that are more frequently prescribed and consumed. Nevertheless, they indicate the negative impact that these chemical contaminants may have on living organisms, ecosystems and ultimately, public health. This article reviews the different contamination sources as well as fate and both acute and chronic effects on nontarget organisms. An extensive review of existing data in the form of tables, encompassing many therapeutic classes is presented.Keywords: Pharmaceuticals, Sources, Environmental fate, Ecotoxicological effects

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“…Iopromide Groundwater Australia 0.577 [200] Algae S. subspicatus [158] >10.0 g L [201] Iopromide Germany SPE-HPLC-MS/MS SPE-HPLC-MS 40 [202] Iopromide Germany 50 1600 <50 [203] >1.0 g L…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Contrast Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Santos

Araújo

Fachini

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

1,285

533

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For example, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, fluconazole, and carbendazim have been detected in Belgian WWTP effluents at concentrations up to 27,90,36,140, and 980 ngL −1 , respectively [6], and climbazole and thiabendazole have been found in German WWTP effluents at average concentrations of 443 and 8.2 ngL −1 [7]. The insect repellent DEET has frequently been detected in WWTP effluents at concentrations ranging between 51 and 773.9 ngL −1 [8][9][10][11], and methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben in Spanish rivers and 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octylisothiazolinone (DCOIT) in Spanish coastal regions have been detected at maximum concentrations of 54, 30, 105, 7, and 3700 ng L −1 , respectively [12][13][14][15]. Triclosan has been found in 19 Australian WWTPs at average concentrations of 142 ngL −1 for effluents and 5.58 mgkg −1 for biosolids [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of biocides in different environmental matrices by use of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

et al. 2012

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A sensitive and robust method using solid-phase extraction and ultrasonic extraction for preconcentration followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS-MS) has been developed for determination of 19 biocides: eight azole fungicides (climbazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, thiabendazole, and carbendazim), two insect repellents (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), and icaridin (also known as picaridin)), three isothiazolinone antifouling agents (1,2-benzisothiazolinone (BIT), 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolinone (OIT), and 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-isothiazolinone (DCOIT)), four paraben preservatives (methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, and butylparaben), and two disinfectants (triclosan and triclocarban) in surface water, wastewater, sediment, sludge, and soil. Recovery of the target compounds from surface water, influent, effluent, sediment, sludge, and soil was mostly in the range 70-120 %, with corresponding method quantification limits ranging from 0.01 to 0.31 ngL −1 , 0.07 to 7.48 ngL −1 , 0.01 to 3.90 ngL −1 , 0.01 to 0.45 ngg −1 , 0.01 to 6.37 ngg −1 , and 0.01 to 0.73 ngg −1 , respectively. Carbendazim, climbazole, clotrimazole, methylparaben, miconazole, triclocarban, and triclosan were detected at low ngL −1 (or ngg −1 ) levels in surface water, sediment, and sludge-amended soil. Fifteen target compounds were found in influent samples, at concentrations ranging between 0.4 (thiabendazole) and 372 ng L −1 (methylparaben). Fifteen target compounds were found in effluent samples, at concentrations ranging between 0.4 (thiabendazole) and 114 ngL −1 (carbendazim). Ten target compounds were found in dewatered sludge samples, at concentrations ranging between 1.1 (DEET) and 887 ngg −1 (triclocarban).

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“…1c, solid line). The first signal shows some high peaks (peaks 14,15,18,19,20,22,24) indicating that such PCPs (diisobutyl phthalate, chlorophene, musk ketone, fluoranthene, pyrene, 2,49-DDD, and 4,49-DDD) are selectively eluted from the cartridge with higher recovery than that found for the other PCPs, as confirmed by the higher recovery % values computed for these compounds (Table 4, 2nd column).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Elution Patternmentioning

confidence: 61%

Signal processing to evaluate parameters affecting SPE for multi‐residue analysis of personal care products

Pietrogrande

Basaglia

Dondi

2009

J of Separation Science

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Original PaperSignal processing to evaluate parameters affecting SPE for multi-residue analysis of personal care products This paper discusses the development of a comprehensive method for the simultaneous analysis of personal care products (PCPs) based on SPE and GC-MS. The method was developed on 29 target compounds to represent PCPs belonging to different chemical classes: surfactants in detergents (alkyl benzenes), fragrances in cosmetics (nitro and polycyclic musks), antioxidants and preservatives (phenols), plasticizers (phthalates) displaying a wide range of volatility, polarity, water solubility. In addition to the conventional C 18 stationary phase, a surface modified styrene divinylbenzene polymeric phase (Strata TM X SPE cartridge) has been investigated as suitable for the simultaneous extraction of several PCPs with polar and non-polar characteristics. For both sorbents different solvent compositions and eluting conditions were tested and compared in order to achieve high extraction efficiency for as many sample components as possible. Comparison of the behavior of the two cartridges reveals that, overall, Strata-X provides better efficiency with extraction recovery higher than 70% for most of the PCPs investigated. The best results were obtained under the following operative conditions: an evaporation temperature of 408C, elution on Strata-X cartridge using a volume of 15 mL of ethyl acetate (EA) as solvent and operating with slow flow rate (-10 KPa). In addition to the conventional method based on peak integration, a chemometric approach based on the computation of the experimental autocovariance function (EACVF tot ) was applied to the complex GC-MS signal: the percentage recovery and information on peak abundance distribution can be evaluated for each procedure step. The PC-based signal processing proved very helpful in assisting the development of the analytical procedure, since it saves labor and time and increases result reliability in handling GC complex signals.

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Broad range analysis of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals using gas chromatography and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Cited by 202 publications

References 28 publications

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment

Determination of biocides in different environmental matrices by use of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Signal processing to evaluate parameters affecting SPE for multi‐residue analysis of personal care products

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