“…It is one of the most important salty ecosystems at Mediterranean scale (BirdLife International, 2022b) and it is an important wintering and breeding site for waterbirds at international level (Zenatello et al, 2014;Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia, 2018). The lagoon encompasses a complex mosaic of ecosystems such as shallow brackish water, mudflats and sandflats without vegetation, mudflats and sandflats colonized by Salicornia spp., saltmarshes, coastal sand dunes, reed habitats, extensive fish farms (Cosolo et al, 2015;Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia, 2018). The Marano and Grado lagoon is protected towards the sea by a peculiar system of five sandy barrier islands (Martignano, Sant'Andrea, Anfora, d'Orio and Tratauri).…”