Breeding Performance in the Western Gull: Effects of Parental Age, Timing of Breeding and Year in Relation to Food Availability

Abstract

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“…Sydeman et al 1991, Svensson & Nilsson 1995, Brodmann et al 1997, Siikamäki 1998, Diaz & Alonso 2003, Rubenstein & Wikelski 2003, Davis et al 2005, Nielsen & Møller 2006, Varpe et al 2007). This difference may be due to the importance of life history timing relative to the physical cycles in the intertidal zone.…”

“…Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Sydeman et al 1991, Svensson & Nilsson 1995, Brodmann et al 1997, Siikamäki 1998, Rubenstein & Wikelski 2003, Davis et al 2005, but see Shultz et al 2009). Earlier reproduction is thought to enhance food intake rates and the competitive ability of offspring.…”