Breeding for ”low-gossypol seed and high-gossypol plants” in upland cotton. Analysis of tri-species hybrids and backcross progenies using AFLPs and mapped RFLPs

Abstract

This work aims at breeding upland cotton [Gossypium hirsutum L., 2(AD) 1 genome] with a reduced level of gossypol in the seeds for optimal food and feed uses, and a high gossypol level in the remaining organs for resistance to pests. Two tri-species Gossypium hybrids, (G. thurberi-G. sturtianum-G. hirsutum and G. hirsutum-G. raimondii-G. sturtianum) including G. sturtianum (2C 1 ) as a donor, G. thurberi (2D 1 ) and G. raimondii (2D 5 ) as a bridge species, were created. Recurrent selection initiated with these tri-species hybrids produced backcross (BC) progenies expressing the "lowgossypol seed and high-gossypol plant" trait at different levels. We used AFLP markers to assess the genetic similarity among the germplasm and RFLP probes to tag the introgression of specific chomosome segments from the parental species. Five pairs of AFLP primers generated 477 fragments, among which 417 (87.4%) were polymorphic. The genetic similarity between the upland cotton and the wild species ranged from 29.5 to 43.2%, while similarity reached 80% between upland cotton and BC3 plants. Introgression of species-specific AFLPs was evident from all the parental species and confirmed the hybrid origin of the analyzed progenies. Southern-blot analysis based on 49 RFLP probes allowed us to trace the introgression of parental DNA segments in the trispecies hybrids and in three generations of backcross. Introgression was evident from 11, 8 and 7 linkage groups of G. sturtianum, G. raimondii and G. thurberi respectively. The types of introgression revealed by RFLP probes are discussed, and breeding schemes to enhance recombination are proposed. The ability to trace DNA segments of known chromosomal locations from the donor G. sturtianum through segregating generations is a starting point to map the "low-gossypol seed and highgossypol plant" traits.

Construction of a complete set of alien chromosome addition lines from Gossypium australe in Gossypium hirsutum: morphological, cytological, and genotypic characterization

“…The obtained diploid F 1 was then chromosome doubled to develop the tetraploid. For example, Mergeai (1992) developed an amphidiploid F 1 of G. arboreum  ×  G. sturtianum with glandless-seed and glanded-plant traits, which were sequentially used as bridge material for the transfer of the target trait into upland cotton (Bi et al 1998; Bi et al 1998, 1999a, b; Ahoton et al 2003). Kulkarni et al (2002) carried out studies on the interspecific hybridization of G. australe and G. herbaceum .…”

“…Cotton, Gossypium spp., is the most important natural textile fiber, the second best potential source of plant protein and the fifth largest oilseed crop in the world (Bi et al 1999a, b). The genus Gossypium consists of approximately 45 diploid (A–G and K genomes, 2 n  = 2 x  = 26) and five tetraploid species (AD genome, 2 n  = 4 x  = 52) (Fryxell 1992).…”

The in vitro effect of gossypol and its interaction with salts on conidial germination and viability of Fusarium oxysporum sp. vasinfectum isolates

“…The ideal cotton plant would be represented by a hybrid with high terpenoid aldehyde concentrations in the plant tissue but very low concentrations in the seeds. Hybrids of this type are being developed (Vroh et al. 1999) and while they will be of commercial interest, they could simultaneous prove useful experimentally in ascertaining the role of gossypol in the cotton plant– Fov interaction.…”

“…Recent experimental work with synthetic cotton hexaploid with low‐gossypol seeds and high‐gossypol plants (Vroh et al. 1999) highlight the fact that the exact role of terpenoid aldehydes as phytoalexins in the cotton constitutive defence system is still not fully understood.…”

Differentiation in a geographical mosaic of plants coevolving with ants: phylogeny of theLeonardoxa africanacomplex (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers

“…Considering the low variability of ribosomal ITS and cpDNA noncoding sequences in the L. africana complex, we searched for polymorphic markers, and chose amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Although often used in preparing genetic maps (Mueller & Wolfenbarger 1999), or in DNA fingerprinting (Vroh Bi et al . 1999), AFLP markers have been recently used for interpopulation studies of plants (Muluvi et al .…”