Breeding and description of ‘Grasslands Sustain’, a medium‐large‐leaved white clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i>L.) cultivar

Caradus, J. R.; Clifford, P. T. P.; Chapman, D. F.; Cousins, Greig; Williams, W. M.; Miller, J. E.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1997.9513224

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the winter 1995 sampling before grazing commenced, Sustain exhibited a high leaf:stolon ratio ( Fig. 2A), consistent with the breeding objective of selection for short internodes (Caradus et al 1997), but by spring 1995 and following several grazing events, this effect had virtually disappeared (Fig. 2B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of cultivar of white clover on plant morphology during the establishment of mixed pastures under sheep grazing

Brock

Tilbrook

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The establishment of white clover from seed is characterised by two distinct morphological growth forms, a seminal tap-rooted stage with radiating stolon systems lasting 1-2 years, followed by a clonal growth form. Transition of a plant from tap-rooted to clonal form occurs when the tap root and primary stem axis die, releasing a variable number of stolon systems as independent clonal plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate any effect different cultivars of white clover may have on the morphology of plants during the transition of populations from tap-rooted to clonal growth form when establishing in mixed pastures based on either perennial ryegrass or tall fescue. Cultivars studied ranged from small-leafed to largeleafed cultivars in the order of Prop, Prestige, Demand, Huia, Sustain, Le Bons, Kopu, and Aran. During the tap-rooted phase there were no differences between cultivars in shoot growth apart from the small-leafed cultivars (Prop, Prestige, Demand, and Huia) having a higher plant branching order and lower partitioning to leaf than the largeleafed cultivars (Sustain, Le Bons, Kopu, and Aran). After one year, tap-rooted plants were 4-5 times larger than plants in the subsequently formed clonal populations. Tap root death and fragmentation to form clonal plants commenced one year after sowing and initially occurred at a faster rate in small-leafed than in larger-leafed cultivars. By 15-18 months later, loss of all tap-rooted plants in all cultivars was complete. The mean characteristics of clonal plants and populations were similar for all cultivars, and similar to those reported in other studies. It took two years of differential grazing management to achieve the balance in plant DW structure reported in older pastures. The possible role of changes in plant form in cultivar performance is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of cultivar of white clover on plant morphology during the establishment of mixed pastures under sheep grazing

Brock

Tilbrook

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…However, this negative correlation has been at least partially overcome in other leguminous forage species, allowing the simultaneous improvement of both traits through breeding (Caradus et al, 1997).…”

Section: Enhancing Photosynthetic Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, morphological traits associated with adaptation to severe grazing (involving underground tissues) are often inversely related to those associated with high yield potential under a mowing regime (leaf biomass; Evans, Williams, & Evans, ). However, this negative correlation has been at least partially overcome in other leguminous forage species, allowing the simultaneous improvement of both traits through breeding (Caradus et al, ). As of yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation in alfalfa grazing tolerance are not well understood, which has impeded the use of biotechnological approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular improvement of alfalfa for enhanced productivity and adaptability in a changing environment

2017

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Due to an expanding world population and increased buying power, the demand for ruminant products such as meat and milk is expected to grow substantially in coming years, and high levels of forage crop production will therefore be a necessity. Unfortunately, urbanization of agricultural land, intensive agricultural practices, and climate change are all predicted to limit crop production in the future, which means that the development of forage cultivars with improved productivity and adaptability will be essential. Because alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most widely cultivated perennial forage crops, it has been the target of much research in this field. In this review, we discuss progress that has been made towards the improvement of productivity, abiotic stress tolerance, and nutrient-use efficiency, as well as disease and pest resistance, in alfalfa using biotechnological techniques. Furthermore, we consider possible future priorities and avenues for attaining further enhancements in this crop as a means of contributing to the realization of food security in a changing environment.

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“…A key development, arising out of the recent period of intensive classification of clover populations, was the discovery of plants with higher than expected stolon densities relative to leaf size. Cultivars developed from these plants, e.g., 'Grasslands sustain', 'Kopu II', have improved persistence and grazing tolerance relative to other cultivars with the same leaf size (Woodfield et al 2001;Woodfield & Caradus 1996;Caradus et al 1997).…”

Section: Developments In Clover and Herb Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seed production traits in white clover have high heritabilities (Widdup et al 2004;) and so successful selection for high seed production has become an important step in the breeding of most AgResearch cultivars (e.g., Caradus et al 1997).…”

Section: Developments In Clover and Herb Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future options and targets for pasture plant breeding in New Zealand

Williams

Easton

Jones

2007

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Industries based on pastoral farming have increased their contribution to GDP from 13.5 to 17% since 1990 as the result of markedly intensified farming practices. In the future, we predict that this intensification will continue but, at the same time, there will be an emergence of an efficient, lower-input farming sector with almost no environmental footprint. Both sectors will require continuing input by pasture plant breeders. Over the past 20 years, development of pasture cultivars has become totally industry funded, with support from Crown funding for basic research. There have been several key advances in pasture plant breeding including new methods for using exotic germplasm and secondary gene-pools, modification of grass-endophyte associations, breeding for specific environments and the successful adoption of international breeding programmes. The emergence of genomics, marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genetic modification (GM) offer considerable promise for future development of pasture cultivars. Future grass breeding, aided by MAS and GM of both plants and endophytes, will place strong emphasis on feeding value for optimal animal performances, especially in intensive systems. There will also be development of grass types adapted to efficient, lower-input farming systems that will have minimal environmental A07026;

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Breeding and description of ‘Grasslands Sustain’, a medium‐large‐leaved white clover (Trifolium repensL.) cultivar

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of cultivar of white clover on plant morphology during the establishment of mixed pastures under sheep grazing

Effect of cultivar of white clover on plant morphology during the establishment of mixed pastures under sheep grazing

Molecular improvement of alfalfa for enhanced productivity and adaptability in a changing environment

Future options and targets for pasture plant breeding in New Zealand

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