Breed differences in the expression levels of gga-miR-222a in laying hens influenced H2S production by regulating methionine synthase genes in gut bacteria

Abstract

Background The microbiota in the cecum of laying hens is crucial for host digestion, metabolism, and odor gas production. The results of recent studies have suggested that host microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate gene expression of the gut microbiota. In the present study, the expression profiles of host-derived miRNAs in the cecal content of two laying hen breeds; Hy-line Gray and Lohmann Pink, which have dissimilar H2S production, were characterized; and their effects on H2S production by regulating the expression of gut microbiota-associated genes were demonstrated. Results The differential expression of microbial serine O-acetyltransferase, methionine synthase, aspartate aminotransferase, methionine-gamma-lyase, and adenylylsulfate kinase between the two hen breeds resulted in lower H2S production in the Hy-line hens. The results also revealed the presence of miRNA exosomes in the cecal content of laying hens, and an analysis of potential miRNA-target relationships between 9 differentially expressed miRNAs and 9 differentially expressed microbial genes related to H2S production identified two methionine synthase genes, Odosp_3416 and BF9343_2953, that are targeted by gga-miR-222a. Interestingly, in vitro fermentation results showed that gga-miR-222a upregulates the expression of these genes, which increased methionine concentrations but decreased H2S production and soluble sulfide concentrations, indicating the potential of host-derived gga-miR-222a to reduce H2S emission in laying hens. Conclusion The findings of the present study reveal both a physiological role by which miRNAs shape the cecal microbiota of laying hens and a strategy to use host miRNAs to manipulate the microbiome and actively express key microbial genes to reduce H2S emissions and breed environmentally friendly laying hens.

Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 with galactooligosaccharide synbiotics on obese individuals: an in vitro fermentation model

“…Low H 2 S content protects the body and helps in the self-regulation of intestinal cells, including inflammation and intestinal epithelial tissue regeneration. 41 In contrast, high H 2 S content is carcinogenic to intestinal epithelial cells and can cause a series of negative effects, such as colon cell apoptosis, villus contraction, mucosal depletion, and reactive cryptcell proliferation, further causing colitis. Excessive H 2 S can also inhibit the oxidation of butyrate in colon cells, which is particularly significant in ulcerative colitis.…”

“…Hydrogen sulfide is mainly produced by sulfate‐reducing bacteria, such as Firmicutes and Proteus , by metabolizing mucin, amino acids, and other sulfur compounds. Low H 2 S content protects the body and helps in the self‐regulation of intestinal cells, including inflammation and intestinal epithelial tissue regeneration 41 . In contrast, high H 2 S content is carcinogenic to intestinal epithelial cells and can cause a series of negative effects, such as colon cell apoptosis, villus contraction, mucosal depletion, and reactive cryptcell proliferation, further causing colitis.…”

Intestinal accumulation of microbiota-produced succinate caused by loss of microRNAs leads to diarrhea in weanling piglets

“…Notably, previous studies have indicated that miRNAs can promote the growth of certain microbes and improve the production of their metabolites. 12–15 , 38 Here, we enriched the regulatory mechanisms and mode of action of miRNAs on microbes, as we found that miRNAs could also exert suppressive effects on microbial growth and metabolism. However, the detailed mechanisms by which miRNAs exert a suppressive or promoting effect on microbes require further studies.…”

Advances in the role of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment (Review)

“…As transcriptional regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in various physiological activities such as immunity and metabolism. Through genomic analysis, it was identified that gut microbiota may reshape the tumor microenvironment by affecting miRNAs, thereby affecting the metastasis and prognosis of CRC (75,76).…”