Breath-Holding Spells in Somatoform Disorder

Inagaki, Takuji; Mizuno, Soichi; Miyaoka, Tsuyoshi; Tsubouchi, Ken; Momose, Isamu; Kishi, Toshiro; Horiguchi, Jun; Kanata, Kazue; Hiruta, Hiroyuki; Nakatani, Toshihiko; Doi, Kouki; Saito, Yoji

doi:10.2190/t6l4-y24n-dltm-aph2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Apnea and loss of consciousness in patients with HVS have been reported by Munemoto [14], Inagaki [15] and MacDonald [16] and were related to post hyperventilation apnea (PHA). In most cases, patients spontaneously recover from PHA within one or two minutes without any clinical problems, but cases with prolonged PHA was reported as an example of near fatal instance of PHA [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Spasmophilia in the Cardiological Outpatient Department: A Retrospective Study of 228 Sub-saharan Africans over 5 Years

Marie¹,

Saidou²,

Diack³

et al. 2017

J Thrombo Cir

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Background: Spasmophilia also called latent tetany is a disorder with a very heterogeneous clinical manifestation which affects particulary young women. Chest pain, constriction of the throat and palpitations are symptoms common to spasmophilia and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The objective of this work was to assess the incidence and to study the epidemiological, clinical features of spasmophilia in patients with symptoms of ischaemic heart disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Spasmophilia in the Cardiological Outpatient Department: A Retrospective Study of 228 Sub-saharan Africans over 5 Years

Marie¹,

Saidou²,

Diack³

et al. 2017

J Thrombo Cir

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“…Inagaki et al and MacDonald et al have reported PHA related to HVS during adolescence or young adulthood. Inagaki’s cases were a 17-year-old boy and a 21-year-old woman [11], whose presentations were reported as breath-holding spells (BHS). BHS in children is a disease entity resembling PHA, and a common disease in infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PHA in Inagaki’s cases persisted for one to two minutes, resulting in spontaneous recovery [11]. PHA in MacDonald’s patient persisted for three minutes and showed a minimum PaO 2 of 25 mmHg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have reported PHA related to HVS. To our knowledge, only Inagaki [11], MacDonald [12], and Chin [13] reported PHA with hypoxemia related to HVS. However, aside from MacDonald’s case, there are few previous case reports of HVS patients who were rescued from PHA after having long term PHA accompanied by cyanosis, hypoxemia, and loss of consciousness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prolonged post-hyperventilation apnea in two young adults with hyperventilation syndrome

Munemoto

Masuda²,

Nagai³

et al. 2013

BioPsychoSocial Med

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BackgroundThe prognosis of hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) is generally good. However, it is important to proceed with care when treating HVS because cases of death following hyperventilation have been reported. This paper was done to demonstrate the clinical risk of post-hyperventilation apnea (PHA) in patients with HVS.Case presentationWe treated two patients with HVS who suffered from PHA. The first, a 21-year-old woman, had a maximum duration of PHA of about 3.5 minutes and an oxygen saturation (SpO2) level of 60%. The second patient, a 22-year-old woman, had a maximum duration of PHA of about 3 minutes and an SpO2 level of 66%. Both patients had loss of consciousness and cyanosis. Because there is no widely accepted regimen for treating patients with prolonged PHA related to HVS, we administered artificial ventilation to both patients using a bag mask and both recovered without any after effects.ConclusionThese cases show that some patients with HVS develop prolonged PHA or severe hypoxia, which has been shown to lead to death in some cases. Proper treatment must be given to patients with HVS who develop PHA to protect against this possibility. If prolonged PHA or severe hypoxemia arises, respiratory assistance using a bag mask must be done immediately.

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“…Although it is believed that episodes of hyperventilation attacks resolve spontaneously and that the paper-bag rebreathing method or administration of anxiolytic agents may help mitigate an attack, sustained symptoms associated with hypocapnia have been reported to initiate complex clinical complications, such as the delayed occurrence of hypoxemia. Furthermore, several case reports have described the occurrence of post-hyperventilation apnea in association with sustained cyanosis, hypoxemia and loss of consciousness [1][2][3][4]. The pathogenesis of post-hyperventilation apnea has been linked to the activity of peripheral chemoreceptors, which may contribute to the susceptibility to apnea during hypoxia or hyperoxia [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of post-hyperventilation apnea during dental treatment under monitored anesthesia care with propofol

Kobayashi

Kurata

Sanuki

et al. 2014

BioPsychoSocial Med

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Although hyperventilation syndrome generally carries a good prognosis, it is associated with the risk of developing severe symptoms, such as post-hyperventilation apnea with hypoxemia and loss of consciousness. We experienced a patient who suffered from post-hyperventilation apnea. A 17-year-old female who suffered from hyperventilation syndrome for several years developed post-hyperventilation apnea after treatment using the paper bag rebreathing method and sedative administration during a dental procedure. We subsequently successfully provided her with monitored anesthesia care with propofol. Monitored anesthesia care with propofol may be effective for the general management of patients who have severe hyperventilation attacks and post-hyperventilation apnea. This case demonstrates that appropriate emergency treatment should be available for patients with hyperventilation attacks who are at risk of developing post-hyperventilation apnea associated with hypoxemia and loss of consciousness.

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Breath-Holding Spells in Somatoform Disorder

Cited by 8 publications

References 6 publications

Spasmophilia in the Cardiological Outpatient Department: A Retrospective Study of 228 Sub-saharan Africans over 5 Years

Spasmophilia in the Cardiological Outpatient Department: A Retrospective Study of 228 Sub-saharan Africans over 5 Years

Prolonged post-hyperventilation apnea in two young adults with hyperventilation syndrome

Management of post-hyperventilation apnea during dental treatment under monitored anesthesia care with propofol

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