Breast DWI Analyzed Before and After Gadolinium Contrast Administration—An Intrapatient Analysis on 1.5 T and 3.0 T

Abstract

Objectives Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gaining popularity as an addition to standard dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI. Although adding diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to the standard protocol design would require increased scanning-time, implementation during the contrast-enhanced phase could offer a multiparametric MRI protocol without any additional scanning time. However, gadolinium within a region of interest (ROI) might affect assessments of DWI. This study aims to determine if acquiring DWI postcontrast, incorporated in an abbreviated MRI protocol, would statistically significantly affect lesion classification. In addition, the effect of postcontrast DWI on breast parenchyma was studied. Materials and Methods Screening or preoperative MRIs (1.5 T/3 T) were included for this study. Diffusion-weighted imaging was acquired with single-shot spin echo–echo planar imaging before and at approximately 2 minutes after gadoterate meglumine injection. Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) based on 2-dimensional ROIs of fibroglandular tissue, as well as benign and malignant lesions at 1.5 T/3.0 T, were compared with a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Diffusivity levels were compared between precontrast and postcontrast DWI with weighted κ. An overall P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results No significant changes were observed in ADCmean after contrast administration in 21 patients with 37 ROI of healthy fibroglandular tissue and in the 93 patients with 93 (malignant and benign) lesions. This effect remained after stratification on B0. In 18% of all lesions, a diffusion level shift was observed, with an overall weighted κ of 0.75. Conclusions This study supports incorporating DWI at 2 minutes postcontrast when ADC is calculated based on b150-b800 with 15 mL 0.5 M gadoterate meglumine in an abbreviated multiparametric MRI protocol without requiring extra scan time.