Breast cancer in Mexican women: an epidemiological study with cervical cancer control

Abstract

IntroductionIn Mexico, breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of cancer deaths in women, with increasing incidence and mortality in recent years. Therefore, the aim of the study is identify possible risk factors related to BC. Methods An epidemiological study of hospital cases of BC and controls with cervical uterine cancer (CUCA) was carried out at eight third level concentration hospitals in Mexico City. The total of 353 incident cases of BC and 630 controls with CUCA were identified among women younger than 75 years who had been residents of the metropolitan area of Mexico City for at least one year. Diagnosis was confirmed histologically in both groups. Variables were analyzed according to biological and statistical plausibility criteria. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out. Cases and controls were stratified according to the menopausal hormonal status (pre and post menopause). ResultsThe factors associated with BC were: higher socioeconomic level (OR= 2.77; 95%CI = 1.77 -4.35); early menarche (OR= 1.32; 95%CI= 0.88 -2.00); old age at first pregnancy (>31 years: OR= 5.49; 95%CI= 2.16 -13.98) and a family history of BC (OR= 4.76; 95% CI= 2.10 -10.79). In contrast, an increase in the duration of the breastfeeding period was a protective factor (>25 months: OR= 0.38; 95%CI= 0.20 -0.70). ConclusionsThis study contributes to the identification of risk factors for BC described in the international literature, in the population of Mexican women. Breastfeeding appears to play an important role in protecting women from BC. Because of changes in women's lifestyles, lactation is decreasing in Mexico, and young women tend not to breastfeed or to shorten the duration of lactation.

The association between breastfeeding and breast cancer occurrence among Israeli Jewish women: a case control study

“…This is in agreement with some important studies investigating this subject (Zografos et al 2004;Zheng et al 2000Zheng et al , 2001Yoo et al 1992;Tao et al 1988;Chang-Claude et al 2000;Newcomd et al 1999;Romieu et al 1996;Tryggvadottir et al 2001;Newcomb et al 1994;Enger et al 1998;Lipworth et al 2000;Tovar-Guzman et al 2000), but in conXict with others (Stuver et al 1997;Michels et al 1996). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the observed protective eVect of breastfeeding on breast cancer risk Romieu et al 1996;Freudenheimet et al 1997;Tovar-Guzman et al 2000;Byers et al 1985):…”

Allaitement maternel et cancer du sein

“…Dans trois études rétrospectives cependant [22][23][24], une réduction du risque de 30 à 80 % a été observée chez les femmes âgées de 50 à 79 ans ayant allaité leurs enfants. Newcomb et al [23] ont mené une étude castémoins afin d'étudier les relations entre la lactation et le cancer du sein après la ménopause.…”

“…Une autre étude [24] a inclus 353 femmes ayant un cancer du sein et 630 femmes présentant un cancer du col de l'uté-rus. Toutes ces femmes avaient moins de 75 ans.…”

The Impact of Family History of Breast Cancer on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Early Detection Practices of Mexican Women Along the Mexico-US Border

“…However, relatively little, if any, research has examined the association between family history (FH) of breast cancer and screening practices in Mexican women. Women with a family history of breast (FH + ) have a significantly increased risk for developing breast cancer and, thus, represent a high-risk group [13–17]. …”