Breast Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Cruz‐Merino, Luis de la; Chiesa, Massimo; Caballero, Rosalía; Rojo, Federico; Palazón, Natalia; Carrasco, Fernando Henao; Sánchez-Margalet, Vı́ctor

doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.09.008

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Inflammation ( 29 ) is widely recognized as a “hallmark of cancer” ( 30 ). Chronic systemic inflammation correlates with poorer outcomes in BC patients ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Plasma Interleukin 10 Are Associated to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients

et al. 2020

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Worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death among women. For many patients the most effective treatment is a resection surgery that removes the tumor. Within this subset, patients sometimes receive chemotherapy treatment (CT) prior to surgery aiming to reduce tumor size in order to preserve healthy breast tissue. This strategy is commonly called neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This approach also offers an opportunity to determine treatment sensitivity, especially in aggressive tumors. Post NAC absence of residual disease is associated to long term survival in BC patients and is used to define the need of adjuvant therapy options. Studies suggest that NAC allows the recognition of tumor antigens by immune cells potentiating the eradication of the tumor. However, the dynamic changes in patients' immune cells under NAC remain unclear. Here, we assessed changes in leucocyte and cytokine profiles in order to determine its association to NAC response in BC patients. Peripheral blood patient samples were taken prior to each NAC cycle to assess the abundance of leukocyte subsets and serum cytokines in 20 patients. These immunological features were associated with clinical outcomes including pathological response. We found a positive correlation between plasma Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and classical monocytes in HER2+ BC patients under NAC. We also observed a trend between increased IL-10 and classical monocytes levels and lower rates of pathologic complete response at the end of NAC. These data support the notion that monocyte subsets and IL-10 could be applied as a novel indicator of NAC efficacy in HER2+ BC patients. Finally, we confirm a key role of the immune system in cancer progression and CT response.

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“…Inflammation ( 29 ) is widely recognized as a “hallmark of cancer” ( 30 ). Chronic systemic inflammation correlates with poorer outcomes in BC patients ( 31 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Plasma Interleukin 10 Are Associated to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients

et al. 2020

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“…Host antitumor immune responses are predominantly mediated via cellular immunity in which CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are considered the cornerstone cellular element in anticancer immunity 4,5. Activated CTLs exert antitumor effects by secreting interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) along with other cytotoxins 4,6,7. In this regard, prevention of tumor growth and development is determined, in part, by the number of CTLs invading through the tumor microenvironment and the ability of CTLs to recognize tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) 4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hallmark of cancers is the ability to evade the immune system through tumor-mediated immune escape mechanisms 2. Tumors avoid recognition by immune system through multiple mechanisms including the downregulation of components of antigen processing and presentation machinery leading to loss of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I protein expression, low human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression, and defects in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling 6,8. In addition, growing tumors can avoid destruction by immune system through recruitment of immunosuppressive elements such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and tumor-associated macrophages 6,8,9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer: recent advances and combination therapeutic approaches

Ayoub¹,

Al-Shami²,

Yaghan³

2019

BCTT

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Cancer immunotherapy has evolved dramatically with improved understanding of immune microenvironment and immunosurveillance. The immunogenicity of breast cancer is rather heterogeneous. Specific subtypes of breast cancer such as estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, human EGF receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have shown evidence of immunogenicity based on tumor–immune interactions. Several preclinical and clinical studies have explored the potential for immunotherapy to improve the clinical outcomes for different subtypes of breast cancer. This review describes the immune microenvironment of HER2-positive breast cancer and summarizes recent clinical advances of immunotherapeutic treatments in this breast cancer subtype. The review provides rationale and ongoing clinical evidence to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, therapeutic vaccines, and adoptive T cell immunotherapy in breast cancer. In addition, the present paper describes the most relevant clinical progress of strategies for the combination of immunotherapy with standard treatment modalities in HER2-positive breast cancer including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiotherapy.

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“…Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the main cause of cancer-associated mortality in women ( 1 ). Although comprehensive treatments are clinically available, the response of individual breast cancer patients greatly varies, partly due to different antitumor immune responses ( 2 ). Dysregulation of immune checkpoints can play an important role in tumor immune evasion, especially through tumor-reactive T-cell exhaustion ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tim-3 promotes cell aggressiveness and paclitaxel resistance through NF-κB/STAT3 signalling pathway in breast cancer cells

Cong

Cui

Zhu

et al. 2020

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research

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Objective Although T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing molecule-3 (Tim-3) has been recognized as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy, its exact role in breast cancer has not been fully elucidated. Methods Tim-3 gene expression in breast cancer and its prognostic significance were analyzed. Associated mechanisms were then explored in vitro by establishing Tim-3-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Results In a pooled analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Tim-3 gene expression levels were significantly higher (P<0.001) in breast cancer tissue, compared with normal tissues. Tim-3 was a prognosis indicator in breast cancer patients [relapse-free survival (RFS), P=0.004; overall survival (OS), P=0.099]. Tim-3 overexpression in Tim-3 low breast cancer cells promoted aggressiveness of breast cancer cells, as evidenced by enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, tight junction deterioration and tumor-associated tubal formation. Tim-3 also enhanced cellular resistance to paclitaxel. Furthermore, Tim-3 exerted its function by activating the NF-κB/STAT3 signalling pathway and by regulating gene expression [cyclin D1 ( CCND1 ), C-Myc , matrix metalloproteinase-1( MMP1 ), TWIST , vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) upregulation, concomitant with E-cadherin downregulation). Lastly, Tim-3 downregulated tight junction-associated molecules zona occludens (ZO)-2, ZO-1 and occludin, which may further facilitate tumor progression. Conclusions Tim-3 plays an oncogenic role in breast cancer and may represent a potential target for antitumor therapy.

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Breast Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy

Cited by 48 publications

References 187 publications

Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Plasma Interleukin 10 Are Associated to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients

Peripheral Blood Classical Monocytes and Plasma Interleukin 10 Are Associated to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients

Immunotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer: recent advances and combination therapeutic approaches

Tim-3 promotes cell aggressiveness and paclitaxel resistance through NF-κB/STAT3 signalling pathway in breast cancer cells

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