“…The American Marketing Association (AMA) defines marketing as the "activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large" (Mahamudul, H., & Salahuddin, Y., 2019, p. 36). As a unique business function, marketing exchanges one thing in return for another (Elgebali, M., 2019). The marketing function in SMEs becomes more important due to their inability to access the markets (Sadiku-Dushi, N., Dana, L. P., & Ramadani, V., 2019).…”