Brainvox: An Interactive, Multimodal Visualization and Analysis System for Neuroanatomical Imaging

Frank, Randall; Damasio, H.; Grabowski, Thomas J.

doi:10.1006/nimg.1996.0250

Cited by 259 publications

(227 citation statements)

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“…The three individual data sets were co-registered post hoc with automated image registration (AIR 3.03) to produce a single data set, of enhanced quality, with pixel dimensions of 0.7 mm in plane and 1.5 mm between planes [28]. The MR sequences were reconstructed for each subject in 3-D using Brainvox [13,20]. Extracerebral voxels were edited away manually.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Talairach space was constructed directly for each subject via user-identification of the anterior and posterior commissures and the midsagittal plane in Brainvox. An automated planar search routine defined the bounding box and a piecewise linear transformation was used [20], as defined in the Talairach atlas [39]. After Talairach transformation, the MR data sets were warped (AIR fifth-order nonlinear algorithm) to an atlas space constructed by averaging 50 normal Talairach-transformed brains, rewarping each brain to the average, and finally averaging them again (analogous to the procedure described in [43]).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural systems underlying lexical retrieval for sign language

et al. 2003

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Positron emission tomography was used to investigate whether signed languages exhibit the same neural organization for lexical retrieval within classical and non-classical language areas as has been described for spoken English. Ten deaf native American sign language (ASL) signers were shown pictures of unique entities (famous persons) and non-unique entities (animals) and were asked to name each stimulus with an overt signed response. Proper name signed responses to famous people were fingerspelled, and common noun responses to animals were both fingerspelled and signed with native ASL signs. In general, retrieving ASL signs activated neural sites similar to those activated by hearing subjects retrieving English words. Naming famous persons activated the left temporal pole (TP), whereas naming animals (whether fingerspelled or signed) activated left inferotemporal (IT) cortex. The retrieval of fingerspelled and native signs generally engaged the same cortical regions, but fingerspelled signs in addition activated a premotor region, perhaps due to the increased motor planning and sequencing demanded by fingerspelling. Native signs activated portions of the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG), an area previously implicated in the retrieval of phonological features of ASL signs. Overall, the findings indicate that similar neuroanatomical areas are involved in lexical retrieval for both signs and words.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural systems underlying lexical retrieval for sign language

et al. 2003

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“…Lesions were caused by either cerebrovascular disease, herpes simplex encephalitis, or temporal lobectomy. All subjects had been characterized neuropsychologically and neuroanatomically in the chronic epoch (at least three months post onset of lesion), according to the standard protocols of the Benton Neuropsychology Laboratory (Tranel, 1996) and the Laboratory of Human Neuroanatomy and Neuroimaging (Damasio and Damasio, 1989;Damasio, 1995;Frank et al, 1997). Fifty-five normal controls, matched to the brain-damaged subjects on key demographics (age, education, and gender distribution), were used to define norms for performance in recognition and naming in five conceptual categories (see for details see Damasio et al, 2004).…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lesion delineation and transfer were done using Brainvox (Damasio and Frank, 1992;Frank et al, 1997). This procedure requires anatomical expertise and circumvents the problems of inter-individual registration encountered with lesion data, and the problems of combining subjects scanned with different imaging modalities.…”

Section: Datasetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lesion-deficit relationships are often assessed using group-level voxel-wise analyses based on structural MRI (Bates et al, 2003;Damasio et al, 2004;Karnath et al, 2004a;Tyler et al, 2005). The specific approach developed by our group, the "MAP-3" analysis (Frank et al, 1997;Damasio et al, 2004), has been used to generate lesion overlap and lesion overlap difference maps between groups of subjects with and without a deficit of interest, across a variety of domains (Damasio et al, 1996;Tranel et al, 1997;Adolphs et al, 2000;Barrash et al, 2000;Tranel et al, 2001;Adolphs et al, 2002;Tranel et al, 2003a;Damasio et al, 2004). For example the MAP-3 approach was employed in a large study of the neural underpinnings of the retrieval of conceptual knowledge and names for concrete entities , in which two hypotheses were tested: (A) The retrieval of words denoting concrete entities depends upon the integrity of regions in higher-order cortices of the left temporal lobe, which are partially segregated depending on the conceptual category of the concrete entities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thresholding lesion overlap difference maps: Application to category-related naming and recognition deficits

et al. 2008

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Lesion-overlap difference maps have been used in studies designed to test anatomical hypotheses regarding brain systems critical for various cognitive and behavioral tasks, including naming and recognition of concrete entities . To date the interpretation of these results has focused on areas of maximum lesion overlap differences. Here we explore formal methods for statistical thresholding and power analysis. We derive exact voxelwise statistics describing the behavior of lesion overlap difference maps and lesion proportion difference maps under the null hypothesis of no association between lesion and deficit, and we apply the statistics to a large subset of the subjects previously reported in , in order to reassess the lesion correlates of deficits in naming and recognition for five categories of concrete entities. The thresholded maps confirmed many of the results reported previously, but also revealed some differences. Differences in spatial distribution of the lesion correlates of impaired naming of unique versus nonunique entities were confirmed in the inferotemporal region (IT), although overlapping components across categories became apparent in left IT. Additionally, the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was implicated in naming both categories of nonunique natural entities (animals and fruits/vegetables). In corresponding power analyses, we estimated where significant effects could be found under an assumption of maximal effect size given the observed spatial distribution of lesions. Such "effective coverage maps" are valuable for the interpretation of the results, notably because of heterogeneity in lesion coverage encountered in lesion studies. We strongly suggest that when inferential statistics are used in voxelwise lesion-deficit statistical mapping, these or other power maps be included in the reports.

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Auditory cortex on the human posterior superior temporal gyrus

et al. 2000

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The human superior temporal cortex plays a critical role in hearing, speech, and language, yet its functional organization is poorly understood. Evoked potentials (EPs) to auditory click‐train stimulation presented binaurally were recorded chronically from penetrating electrodes implanted in Heschl's gyrus (HG), from pial‐surface electrodes placed on the lateral superior temporal gyrus (STG), or from both simultaneously, in awake humans undergoing surgery for medically intractable epilepsy. The distribution of averaged EPs was restricted to a relatively small area on the lateral surface of the posterior STG. In several cases, there were multiple foci of high amplitude EPs lying along this acoustically active portion of STG. EPs recorded simultaneously from HG and STG differed in their sensitivities to general anesthesia and to changes in rate of stimulus presentation. Results indicate that the acoustically active region on the STG is a separate auditory area, functionally distinct from the HG auditory field(s). We refer to this acoustically sensitive area of the STG as the posterior lateral superior temporal area (PLST). Electrical stimulation of HG resulted in short‐latency EPs in an area that overlaps PLST, indicating that PLST receives a corticocortical input, either directly or indirectly, from HG. These physiological findings are in accord with anatomic evidence in humans and in nonhuman primates that the superior temporal cortex contains multiple interconnected auditory areas. J. Comp. Neurol. 416:79–92, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Brainvox: An Interactive, Multimodal Visualization and Analysis System for Neuroanatomical Imaging

Cited by 259 publications

References 0 publications

Neural systems underlying lexical retrieval for sign language

Neural systems underlying lexical retrieval for sign language

Thresholding lesion overlap difference maps: Application to category-related naming and recognition deficits

Auditory cortex on the human posterior superior temporal gyrus

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