Brain SPECT imaging in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Castillo, A.; Buchpiguel, Carlos Alberto; Araújo, Luiz Armando Serra Barreto; Castillo, José Carlos Ramos; Asbahr, Fernando Ramos; Maia, A K; Latorre, Maria R D de O

doi:10.1007/s00702-004-0240-x

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Lacerda et al [23] found significant increases in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the right SFG in OCD patients versus healthy control subjects, while Lucey et al [25], found significant bilateral decreases in resting rCBF in a population of OCD patients versus healthy controls. Castillo et al [9], found no significant differences in average ratios of rCBF in a population of pediatric OCD patients before and after treatment with clomipramine. Adler et al [2] found significant increases in neural activation of several frontal cortical regions, including the SFG, during symptom provocation using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The SFG has also been identified as a potential area of interest in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Abnormal functionality of the SFG has been previously implicated in several studies in adults using positron emission tomography (PET) [25] and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) [23,9], though the results of these studies are conflicting. Lacerda et al [23] found significant increases in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the right SFG in OCD patients versus healthy control subjects, while Lucey et al [25], found significant bilateral decreases in resting rCBF in a population of OCD patients versus healthy controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gray matter differences between pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and high-risk siblings: A preliminary voxel-based morphometry study

Gilbert

Keshavan

Diwadkar

et al. 2008

Neuroscience Letters

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Neuroimaging studies have identified alterations in frontostriatal circuitry in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) allows for the assessment of differences in gray matter density across the whole brain. VBM has not previously been used to examine regional gray matter density in pediatric OCD patients and the siblings of pediatric OCD patients. Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were conducted in 10 psychotropic naïve pediatric patients with OCD, 10 unaffected siblings of pediatric patients with OCD, and 10 healthy controls. VBM analysis was conducted using SPM2. Statistical comparisons were performed with the general linear model, implementing small volume random field corrections for a priori regions of interest (anterior cingulate cortex or ACC, striatum and thalamus). VBM analysis revealed significantly lower gray matter density in OCD patients compared to healthy in the left ACC and bilateral medial superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Furthermore, a small volume correction was used to identify a significantly greater gray matter density in the right putamen in OCD patients as compared to unaffected siblings of OCD patients. These findings in patients, siblings, and healthy controls, although preliminary, suggest the presence of gray matter structural differences between affected subjects and healthy controls as well as between affected subjects and individuals at risk for OCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gray matter differences between pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and high-risk siblings: A preliminary voxel-based morphometry study

Gilbert

Keshavan

Diwadkar

et al. 2008

Neuroscience Letters

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“…A subsequent study failed to find changes in rCBF using clomipramine. 164 Using fMRI, Lazaro and colleagues 165 examined the effect of treatment on brain activation during a serial reaction time task in treatment-naïve children with OCD. At baseline, the serial reaction time task produced increased activation in the caudate, middle frontal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobe; total OCD scores correlated with activation in the nucleus accumbens and superior parietal lobe and obsession scores correlated with activation in the ACC.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Studies Of Obsessive–compulsive Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Substrates of Childhood Anxiety Disorders

Blackford¹,

Pine²

2012

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

129

100

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“…In the literature on OCD, SPECT scans most commonly show hyperperfusion in frontostriatal areas, but hypoperfusion is prominent in a significant fraction of patients [119, 120]. To our knowledge, in cases where hypoperfusion was seen, heterogeneity was not noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

High-Dose Glycine Treatment of Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Body Dysmorphic Disorder in a 5-Year Period

et al. 2009

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This paper describes an individual who was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) at age 17 when education was discontinued. By age 19, he was housebound without social contacts except for parents. Adequate trials of three selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, two with atypical neuroleptics, were ineffective. Major exacerbations following ear infections involving Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus at ages 19 and 20 led to intravenous immune globulin therapy, which was also ineffective. At age 22, another severe exacerbation followed antibiotic treatment for H. pylori. This led to a hypothesis that postulates deficient signal transduction by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Treatment with glycine, an NMDAR coagonist, over 5 years led to robust reduction of OCD/BDD signs and symptoms except for partial relapses during treatment cessation. Education and social life were resumed and evidence suggests improved cognition. Our findings motivate further study of glycine treatment of OCD and BDD.

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Brain SPECT imaging in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Abstract: Further investigations on abnormal neurodevelopment of cortical-subcortical circuits possibly involved in symptomatology of paediatric OCD are warranted.

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

Gray matter differences between pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and high-risk siblings: A preliminary voxel-based morphometry study

Gray matter differences between pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder patients and high-risk siblings: A preliminary voxel-based morphometry study

Neural Substrates of Childhood Anxiety Disorders

High-Dose Glycine Treatment of Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Body Dysmorphic Disorder in a 5-Year Period

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