Bonnie and Clyde: Vitamin C and iron are partners in crime in iron deficiency anaemia and its potential role in the elderly

Lane, Darius J.R.; Jansson, Patric J.; Richardson, Des R.

doi:10.18632/aging.100966

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Vitamin C might increase the absorption of dietary iron by up to 10% and calcium decreases iron absorption. Therefore, if both are needed, it is advised to take iron and calcium hours apart [ 69 , 70 ]. Additionally, if taken without food, large doses of iron supplements impair the absorption of zinc [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

2018

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Purpose of ReviewThis review broadly discusses the consequences of inadequate consumption, by deficit or excess, of selected micronutrients on the quality of life and morbidity during aging, specifically considering increases in life expectancy and the costs of care in the older persons.Recent FindingsA literature review of the periods 2012 to 2018, focusing on vitamins A, B12, and D, calcium, iron and folate, was completed as these micronutrients are found to significantly affect the aging process. Causation and application of these micronutrients to disorders related to aging are controversial and mixed. This review highlights research needs and controversial points on the role of these micronutrients.SummaryMicronutrient deficiencies are a common and avoidable contributor to decreased quality of life and healthcare costs in the older persons. Further research is needed to determine adequate intakes and innovative uses, including appropriate thresholds for improved health outcomes for this population.

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“…It has long been known that vitamin C enhances iron uptake in the duodenum. However Lane et al (2016) point out that vitamin C is not only increasing dietary iron absorption but also is crucial at cellular level for efficient uptake of iron from transferrin (intracellular reductive mechanism), the only source of iron for erythropoiesis (Lane and Richardson, 2014;Suárez-Ortegón et al, 2016). Whilst vitamin C deficiency is considered to be uncommon, a 2005 publication from the UK found that around 40% of elderly individuals over 65 years of age were vitamin C deficient (Elia and Stratton, 2005).…”

Section: Iron Status and Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron status in the elderly: A review of recent evidence

Wawer

Jennings

Fairweather‐Tait

2018

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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A comprehensive literature review of iron status in the elderly was undertaken in order to update a previous review (Fairweather-Tait et al, 2014); 138 summarised papers describe research on the magnitude of the problem, aetiology and age-related physiological changes that may affect iron status, novel strategies for assessing iron status with concurrent health conditions, hepcidin, lifestyle factors, iron supplements, iron status and health outcomes (bone mineral density, frailty, inflammatory bowel disease, kidney failure, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases). Each section of this review concludes with key points from the relevant papers. The overall findings were that disturbed iron metabolism plays a major role in a large number of conditions associated with old age. Correction of iron deficiency/overload may improve disease prognosis, but diagnosis of iron deficiency requires appropriate cut-offs for biomarkers of iron status in elderly men and women to be agreed. Iron deficiency (with or without anemia), anemia of inflammation, and anemia of chronic disease are all widespread in the elderly and, once identified, should be investigated further as they are often indicative of underlying disease. Management options should be reviewed and updated, and novel therapies, which show potential for treating anemia of inflammation or chronic disease, should be considered.

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“…These benefits are particularly helpful as delivery approaches, and time to correct anemia in pregnancy is limited. For iron-deficiency anemia identified in the first or second trimester, there is sufficient time to explore alternatives such as nutrition counseling with dietary modifications, Vitamin C 45,46 and/or treatment of underlying conditions (e.g., H. pylori, pernicious anemia) 32,47 to improve absorption of iron. However, in the third trimester, IV iron expedites resolution of anemia, by repletion of iron stores more quickly.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy with Intravenous versus Oral Iron: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Govindappagari

Burwick

2018

Amer J Perinatol

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“…During the last decade a number of ascorbate-dependent enzymes have been identified [6,7]. It has also been observed that ascorbate is required for maintenance of the oxidation level of transition metals, important functional components of diverse metabolic processes [8]. Handling of transition metals by cells requires fine-tuned mechanisms, which allow the accumulation of transition metals (Fe and Cu) for biochemical reactions, yet reducing the risk of toxic effects caused by their labile forms [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, at high concentrations it can act as a pro-oxidant by reducing transition metals (iron, copper). Reduced transition metals react with hydrogen peroxide, leading to the formation of highly reactive and damaging hydroxyl radicals, via the Fenton reaction [8][9][10][11]. The effect of ascorbate on iron is not limited to aqueous solutions but may also affect electron transfer in iron containing proteins, which are involved in: oxygen storage and transport (hemoglobin and myoglobin), oxygen sensing and hypoxic regulation (HIF prolyl hydrogenases), energy production (cytochrome c, cytochrome c oxidase and NADH dehydrogenase), intermediary metabolism and detoxification (ribonucleotide reductase, amino acid oxidases, fatty acid desaturases, cytochrome P450 and catalase), synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters (tryptophan hydroxylase, tyrosine hydroxylase and thyroperoxidase) as well as playing a role in host defense and inflammation (myeloperoxidase, NADPH oxidase, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, nitric oxide synthesis and lipoxygenases) [10,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the physiological and cellular homeostasis of ascorbate

Przybyło

Langner

2020

Cell Mol Biol Lett

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Recent interest in the role of ascorbate in crucial metabolic processes is driven by the growing number of medical reports that show beneficial effects of ascorbate supplementation for maintaining general well-being and recovery from a variety of medical conditions. The effect of ascorbate on the local body environment highly depends on its local concentration; at low concentrations it can cause the reduction of reactive oxygen and facilitate activities of enzymes, while at high concentrations it generates free radicals by reducing ferric ions. Ascorbate serving as an electron donor assists the iron-containing proteins and the iron transfer between various aqueous compartments. These functions require effective and adjustable mechanisms responsible for ascorbate biodistribution. In the paper we propose a new biophysical model of ascorbate redistribution between various aqueous body compartments. It combines recent experimental evidence regarding the ability of ascorbate to cross the lipid bilayer by unassisted diffusion, with active transport by well-characterized sodium vitamin C transporter (SVCT) membrane proteins. In the model, the intracellular concentration of ascorbate is maintained by the balance of two opposing fluxes: fast active and slow passive transport. The model provides a mechanistic understanding of ascorbate flux across the epidermal barrier in the gut as well as the role of astrocytes in ascorbate recycling in the brain. In addition, ascorbate passive diffusion across biological membranes, which depends on membrane electric potentials and pH gradients, provides the rationale for the correlation between ascorbate distribution and the transfer of iron ions inside a cell. The proposed approach provides, for the first time, a mechanistic account of processes leading to ascorbate physiological and cellular distribution, which helps to explain numerous experimental and clinical observations.

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Bonnie and Clyde: Vitamin C and iron are partners in crime in iron deficiency anaemia and its potential role in the elderly

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Consequences of Inadequate Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, and Folate in Older Persons

Iron status in the elderly: A review of recent evidence

Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy with Intravenous versus Oral Iron: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

On the physiological and cellular homeostasis of ascorbate

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