Bone Marrow and Red Blood Cells

Altman, Kurt I.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-054502-5.50008-5

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…The nondialyzable nickel in the present study (Table 6) averaged 107 pgl24 hour and ranged from 36 to 177 pg. These concentrations are considerably closer to those reported by Perry and Perry (1959) when expressed on the same per-liter basis, and they appear very much in line with the values reported by Kent as cited by Altman (1961) and by Stanely (cited in Documenta Geigy, 1962). Once again the nondialyzable concentrations in this study appear to be similar to the total concentrations reported by other investigators, and in all probability they represent the total excretion of Ni in the urine of these healthy subjects.…”

Section: Nickelsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Circadian variation in the urinary excretion of electrolytes and trace elements in men

Kanabrocki

Scheving

Olwin³

et al. 1983

Am. J. Anat.

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Three-hour urine specimens were collected over a period of 27 hours from 11 healthy adult male subjects. Each specimen was analyzed for Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Each sample was also dialyzed, pH 7.35, and subsequently analyzed for Na, K, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, Hg, Cr, Cd, and Mn using a multielemental argon-plasma emission system. The data were evaluated on conventional time plots (chronograms) and as computer-determined "cosinor" plots. A population circadian rhythm with a statistical significance was detected for total Na, K, Ca, and Mg, and for nondialyzable Na, K, P, Ca, Zn, and Mo. For almost every element studied the increase from lowest to highest 3-hour group mean along the 24-hour time scale was more than 100%. The 24-hour excretion of Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn appeared in good agreement with the so-called "normals." The nondialyzable levels of Fe, Pb, Al, Ni, Cu, Mo, Hg, Cr, Cd, and Mn were similar to the total urinary excretions reported in the literature.

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Section: Nickelsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Perry and Perry (1959) described urinary excretion of total Ni to average 30 Fgi liter with a range of 10-70 pg. A range of 140-280 pg has been claimed by Kent and McCance (Altman, 1961), and an average of 100 pg by Stanley (Documenta Geigy, 1962).…”

Section: Nickelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian variation in the urinary excretion of electrolytes and trace elements in men

Kanabrocki

Scheving

Olwin³

et al. 1983

Am. J. Anat.

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“…For example, the rat mean erythrocyte volume is two-thirds to three-fourths that of human RBC (17). Perhaps differences between humans and rats in average capillary size explain the need to reduce the ambient oxygen tension for maximal benefit of iv zinc when the large human SCA RBC are transfused into the rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Zinc in the treatment of homozygous sickle cell anemia: Studies in an animal model

1976

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We have studied the effects of zinc on the 51Cr survival of red blood cells (RBC) from patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia (SCA) using an animal model in which the RBC were transfused into specially prepared rats. The slope (lambdas) of a standard 51Cr RBC survival curve was used as a measure of the rate of RBC sequestration. The effects of intravenous zinc were of considerable therapeutic interest from the standpoint of setting guidelines for effective blood levels of zinc in patients. SCA RBC were transfused into rats whose plasma zinc levels had been raised 3-6 times above normal (300-600 mug/100 ml) by prior iv injection of zinc acetate; in three experiments the mean lambdas in zinc-treated animals breathing 15-16% oxygen was significantly lower (meaning lessened sequestration and greater survival) than saline-treated controls. A possible explanation for the requirement to lower ambient oxygen tension in order to see this zinc effect is discussed. We have further observed an increased mean lambdas for RBC from 10 SCA patients compared to 4 normal controls (0.134 vs 0.030; t = 2.8, p less than 0.01). The lambdas values are quite patient specific (4 patients studied; F = 18.2, P = 0.002). In vitro pretransfusion treatment of SCA RBC with 1.5 mM zinc resulted in a significant increase in hemoglobin oxygen affinity and a marked reduction in lambdas (0.073 vs 0.120; t = 4.5, p less than 0.01). The mean lambdas was not affected by in vitro 0.3 mM zinc treatment; this level did not change hemoglobin oxygen affinity. We conclude that systemic zinc therapy in the animal model described, at plasma levels only slightly higher than those presently obtained in patients, prolongs SCA RBC survival. This animal model is a sensitive measure of the sicklability of SCA RBC and is useful in the testing of in vitro and in vivo antisickling agents.

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“…FBS protein binding assay. 4Iphf-HN17-IR800 and HN1-IR800 (final concentration 25 μM) were incubated in 400 μL of FBS at room temperature for 30 s. The concentration was chosen as the maximum expected in blood from an intravenous imaging dose of 40 nmol in a 20 g mouse, with a blood factor of 0.078 [40,41]. Solutions (300 μL) were then loaded into an Amicon unit (0.5 mL, 10 K cutoff) and centrifuged at 12,000× g for 15 min [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Peptide NIRF Optical Surgical Navigation Agents for HNSCC

et al. 2019

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Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) survival rates have not improved in a decade, with a 63% 5-year recurrence rate after surgery, making HNSCC a compelling indication for optical surgical navigation (OSN). A promising peptide, HN1, targeted and internalized in human HNSCC cells in multiple laboratories, but was slow (24 h) to accumulate. We modified HN1 and explored structural variables to improve the uptake kinetics and create IRdye800 adducts useful for OSN. Eleven new molecules were synthesized and characterized chemically, in human HNSCC cells (Cal 27), and in HNSCC xenograft mice. Cal 27 flank xenografts in Balb/c nude mice were imaged for 3–48 h after 40 nmol intravenous doses of IR800-labeled molecules. Cell uptake kinetics in the 1–2 h window incubated at 1–10 μM were independent of the dye label (FITC, Cy5, or IR800), but increased markedly with additional N-terminal lipophilic substitution, and after resequencing the peptide to separate polar amino acids and move the lysine-dye more centrally. Microscopy confirmed the strong Cal 27 cell binding and demonstrated primarily cytosolic and membrane localization of the fastest peptide, 4Iphf-HN17. 4Iph-HN17-IR800 showed 26-fold greater rate of uptake in cells than HN1-IR800, and far stronger OSN imaging intensity and tumor to background contrast in mice, suggesting that the new peptide is a promising candidate for OSN of HNSCC.

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Bone Marrow and Red Blood Cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 148 publications

Circadian variation in the urinary excretion of electrolytes and trace elements in men

Circadian variation in the urinary excretion of electrolytes and trace elements in men

Zinc in the treatment of homozygous sickle cell anemia: Studies in an animal model

Novel Peptide NIRF Optical Surgical Navigation Agents for HNSCC

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