Body, wrist, and hand anthropometric measurements as risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome

Imam, Mohamed Hassan; Hasan, Marwa M; Elnemr, Rehab; El-Sayed, Riham H

doi:10.4103/err.err_21_18

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From this study, it was found that patients with a hand ratio of <2.1 had 7.31 times more likely to develop carpal tunnel syndrome. This finding is supported by an experimental study conducted in Austria as a result, the hand ratio was significantly higher in the control group (Hand Ratio: 2.20) as compared with the patients' group (Hand Ratio: 2.0) (19). This might be due to the assumption that shorter and wider hands (hand ratio < 2.1) need extra force during normal hand movement, which leads to increased pressure in the intracarpal area, leading to CTS development (32).…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)supporting

confidence: 69%

“…Among the most frequent causes of CTS are disorders such as misaligned Colles' fracture, edema from infection or trauma, posttraumatic arthritis, or tumorous conditions including ganglion, lipoma, or xanthoma. Physical inactivity is a personal risk factor for CTS, and the syndrome can occasionally be linked to systemic diseases like obesity, diabetes, thyroid dysfunction, amyloidosis, and Raynaud's syndrome (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) A number of interrelated pathophysiologic mechanisms, such as increased carpal tunnel pressure, injury to the median nerve's microcirculation, and changes to the connective tissue of the median nerve, as well as inflammation and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue, can explain the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (19).…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of interrelated pathophysiologic mechanisms, such as increased carpal tunnel pressure, injury to the median nerve's microcirculation, and changes to the connective tissue of the median nerve, as well as inflammation and hypertrophy of the synovial tissue, can explain the occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive correlations between several hand and body measurements have thus been repeatedly shown. Idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (ICTS) is more likely to occur in hands that are larger, thicker, and have squarer wrists, or "coarse" hands) (6,7,(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

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Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal compliant at Dilchora Referral Hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2022

Yesuf

Aragie

Asmare

2023

Preprint

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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a chronic focal mono-neuropathy caused by mechanical distortion of the nerve at the carpal tunnel. It is thought to affect between 4 and 5% of people worldwide, 50 per1000 persons in developed countries, 12.1% in east Africa and 29.2% Ethiopia. The common risk factors include but not limited to, age, sex, inflammatory conditions, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Despite this, carpal tunnel syndrome prevalence and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal complaints are unaddressed. Objectives This study's aim was to assess the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal complaints in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methodology An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to 30, 2022 at Dilchora referral hospital. 265 study participants were selected using the systematic sampling technique. Interviewing techniques and physical examination of the hands and wrists were used to get the data. Epi Data version 3.1 was used to enter, clean up, and edit the data before exporting it for analysis to SPSS version 23.0 software. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were carried out with a 95% confidence interval to identify the association of independent and dependent variables. A P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result A total of 260 respondents were included in this study. The prevalence of clinically proven carpal tunnel syndrome among study participants was 10.8%, with a 95% CI of (6.99 to 14.6). A multivariable analysis found that being female (AOR: 3.26 (95% CI: 1.05, 10.08), being physically inactive (AOR: 6.32 (95% CI: 1.95, 20.52), diabetes mellitus (AOR: 4.23 (95% CI: 1.47, 11.97)), hypertension (AOR: 6.07 (95% CI: 1.70, 21.65)), hand ratio <2.1 (AOR: 7.31(95% CI: 1.80, 29.66)), and wrist ratio > 0.72 (AOR: 5.94 (95% CI: 2.11, 16.72)) were statistically associated factors of carpal tunnel syndrome. But, BMI were not statistically associated with CTS. Conclusion The prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome among patients with musculoskeletal compliant was 10.8%. Several risk factors for CTS have been identified.

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Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)supporting

confidence: 69%

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal compliant at Dilchora Referral Hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2022

Yesuf

Aragie

Asmare

2023

Preprint

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Risk assessment models for development of carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical, anthropometric, and neuromuscular ultrasound predictors

El-Sherif,

Hassan,

Eltantawi

et al. 2024

Egypt Rheumatol Rehabil

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Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy with multifactorial etiologies. We intended in this case–control study to identify, out of a comprehensive set of risk factors, the relatively important ones and develop a quantitative risk assessment model for this disorder. It was also legitimate to define the hazard of those factors in a dose-related manner and the acceptable safe limit especially for work-related stresses. Results Age and female predominance were comparable between the 60 patients (89 hands with electrophysiologically confirmed CTS) and 50 controls (100 hands). Occupation of the studied sample varied between housewives only, employed housewives, and manual workers with a distribution that differed significantly between patients and controls. Significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and mean wrist depth were found in patients than controls. Wrist ratio (clinically or sonographically) was significantly squarer in patients than controls. Overall workload and number of hours spent daily performing work with repeated hand movements or awkward hand position were significantly higher among patients than controls. ROC curves were constructed for wrist measurements and occupational stresses. Cut-off points of wrist ratio and internal carpal tunnel ratio (by ultrasound) to discriminate subjects with CTS were > 0.68 and ≤ 1.854, respectively. The best cut-off value for number of hours spent daily performing work with repeated hand movements was 3 h/ day. As for working with awkward hand position or cold exposure, cut-off value was 0.6 h/day for both. Two logistic regression models were conducted to investigate nonoccupational and occupational predictors of CTS. The independent predictors concluded from the first model were BMI, positive family history of CTS, wrist ratio, and decrease grip strength. As for the occupational model, predictors were tasks requiring awkward hand position and cold exposure. Conclusion Occupational risk assessment by clinical, anthropometric, and ultrasonographic measurement should be used in professions requiring repetitive or awkward hand movements, so that in overweight persons with square wrists appropriate workplace setup measures or assistive technology at work or home could be taken to prevent or decrease the impact of work hazards or help choose individuals with low risk for appropriate jobs.

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Independent risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome: Assessment of body mass index, hand, wrist and finger anthropometric measurements

Mokhtarinia

Parsons

Bain³

et al. 2022

WOR

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BACKGROUND: The most prevalent neuropathy in the upper extremity is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). A variety of related risk factors such as biomechanical exposures, body mass index (BMI), sex and hand shape are reported to be related to CTS. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify the role of BMI, hand, wrist and finger anthropometric dimensions in the development of CTS, and to compare these measured variables between control and CTS participants. METHODS: A cross-sectional, case control study (n = 240, CTS = 120, controls = 120) with participants recruited from a convenience sample diagnosed with CTS and referred for anthropometric measurements. The control participants were matched by age and sex. The body height, weight, hand width, hand length, wrist depth, wrist width, wrist circumference, and finger length were measured. Hand, wrist and finger indices, hand to height ratio, and BMI were calculated. Mean values of all dimensions were compared between cases and controls, and the role of independent risk factors were determined by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean BMI, age, weight, sex and height were not significant between the two groups. Among the measured dimensions and calculated indices the significantly different variables between two groups were the wrist width, wrist depth, wrist circumference, hand index, hand to height index, and wrist index. Regression analysis showed that the wrist index (β=-1.7, p = 0.0001), wrist depth (β=0.25, p = 0.0001) and wrist width (β=0.21, p = 0.0001) were the strongest factors in CTS development in the sample. CONCLUSION: Wrist parameters have a strong role in predicting the development of CTS, while BMI was not confirmed as an independent risk factor.

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Body, wrist, and hand anthropometric measurements as risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal compliant at Dilchora Referral Hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2022

Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and its associated factors among patients with musculoskeletal compliant at Dilchora Referral Hospitals in Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2022

Risk assessment models for development of carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical, anthropometric, and neuromuscular ultrasound predictors

Independent risk factors of carpal tunnel syndrome: Assessment of body mass index, hand, wrist and finger anthropometric measurements

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