Body weight and physical activity as predictors of colorectal cancer risk

Kune, Gabriel A.; Kune, Susan; Watson, Lyndsey F.

doi:10.1080/01635589009514041

Cited by 117 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Secondly, physical activity may increase insulin sensitivity and reduce plasma insulin, which therefore may inhibit the growth of cancer cells (Nilsen and Vatten, 2001;McTiernan, 2008;Simons et al, 2013). Physical activity has been shown consistently to reduce CRC incidence (Peters et al, 1989;Kune et al, 1990;Lee et al, 1991). Many studies demonstrated very obvious protective effect of physical activity on the risk of CRC, the risk reduction in such studies were found to be 40-70% (Marchand et al, 1997;Steindorf et al, 2000;Boutron-Ruault et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical Inactivity, Water Intake and Constipation as Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in Jordan

Tayyem¹,

Shehadeh²,

AbuMweis³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Physical activity has been found to play a role in cancer prevention. The purpose of this matched case-control study was to investigate the association between physical activity levels, water intake, constipation and colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty-two patients diagnosed with CRC (125 male, 107 female) were enrolled in this case-control study. Cases were matched to 271 population controls (137 male, 134 female). Results: Drinking more than 4 cups of water daily decreased the risk of CRC by 33-42%; however, this effect was non-significant. Having constipation was found to be a significant risk factor for developing CRC with an OR=6.284 (95%CI=2.741-14.40). With reference to sedentary behavior, minimum activity (600-3000 Metabolic Equivalents Task (MET)) had 43% protection against CRC and the level of Health Enhancing Physical Activity OR was 0.58 (at 95%CI; 0.37-0.92). A significant negative association was found between CRC and physical activity levels expressed as both METs and MET-hours/week (p for trend=0.017 and 0.03, respectively). Among females, a significant trend of reduction in CRC by 62% was observed with increasing the level of physical activity expressed in MET (p for trend=0.04). Conclusions: The risk of CRC may be reduced by adopting a healthy lifestyle and practicing physically activity regularly, especially among females. Consuming adequate amounts of water and healthy bowel motility could also reduce the risk of CRC.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical Inactivity, Water Intake and Constipation as Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in Jordan

Tayyem¹,

Shehadeh²,

AbuMweis³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another potential explanation for the weak or no association between BMI and colon cancer in women seen in previous studies 4,5,7,9,14,15,[20][21][22][23][24]26 may be the possible protective effects of estrogen. Estrogen replacement therapy appears to reduce colon cancer mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few studies 8,17 have shown that obesity is indeed related to colon cancer in women. Some studies 20,26 found no association in either men or women, and one study 18 reported that men who developed colon cancer weighed slightly less than those who did not. Height also appeared to be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer in some studies, 11 but not all.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the precise causes of colon cancer remain unclear, various dietary components such as high consumption of red meat or animal fat, physical inactivity, and obesity have been studied as possible risk factors. Despite the number of prospective [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and case-control [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] studies that have examined the association between body size and colon cancer in greater or lesser detail, the evidence of obesity as a risk factor is inconclusive. Several studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]19,[22][23][24] have found positive associations between body mass and risk of colon cancer in men, whereas most of the studies [4][5][6][7]9,[14][15][16][20]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether body size measurements are risk factors for colon cancer death among the Japanese. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: A nationwide prospective study, the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study from 1988 to 1999. The present analysis included 43 171 men and 58 775 women aged 40-79 y who respond to a questionnaire on current weight and height, weight around 20 y of age, and other lifestyle factors. Body mass index (BMI) at baseline and 20 y of age (B-BMI and 20-BMI, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: We identified 127 deaths from colon cancer during the follow-up of 424 698 person-years among men and 122 deaths during the follow-up of 591 787 person-years among women. After adjustments for the lifestyle factors known to modify the risk of colon cancer, weight at baseline showed a significant positive association in women, while no such association was seen in men. There was also a significant trend of increasing risk with the increase in B-BMI among women. Women with B-BMI Z28 kg/m 2 had a relative risk (RR) of 3.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-8.06) compared with those with BMI of 20-o22 kg/m 2 . 20-BMI also presented the same trend of increasing risk as B-BMI. Women with 20-BMI of o22 and B-BMI of 426 kg/m 2 , that is, excessive BMI gain, had a high RR of 3.41 (95% CI 1.29-9.02) compared with those with 20-BMI of o22 and B-BMI of o22 kg/m 2 . There were no corresponding trends of colon cancer risk for B-BMI, 20-BMI, or BMI change among men. CONCLUSIONS: These study data suggest that obesity and excessive weight gain are associated with the risk of colon cancer death in Japanese women but no such relationship was found in Japanese men.

show abstract

“…1 In 1940, it was first hypothesized that excess body weight may contribute to the development of some cancers. 2 During the past 15 y, there have been a number of prospective epidemiologic studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] as well as several recent population-based case-control studies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] of body weight and colon cancer. The majority of studies support the hypothesis that excess body weight, at least in men, increases risk for cancer of the colon.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI and waist circumference as predictors of lifetime colon cancer risk in Framingham Study adults

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether the increased risk of colon cancer associated with obesity differs for men and women, by distribution of body fat, or by location of the tumor. The primary goal of this study was to address these questions. METHODS: Eligible subjects from the Framingham Study cohort were classified according to body mass index (BMI) and waist size during two age periods: 30-54 y (n ¼ 3764) and 55-79 y (n ¼ 3802). All eligible men and women were cancer-free at baseline and had complete information on the following potential confounders: age, sex, education, height, activity, smoking, and alcohol. There were 157 incident lifetime cases of colon cancer among those followed beginning at 30-54 y of age and 149 lifetime cases among those whose follow up began at 55-79 y. Subjects were stratified further by gender, activity, and tumor location. The Cox Proportional Hazards Models were used to adjust for possible confounding by the above-described factors. RESULTS: A BMI Z30 led to a 50% increased risk (95% CI: 0.92-2.5) of colon cancer among middle-aged (30-54 y) and a 2.4-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.5-3.9) among older (55-79 y) adults. The BMI effect was stronger for men than for women and for cases occurring in the proximal colon. These adverse effects generally diminished when waist was added to the multivariable models. A larger waist size (Z99.1 cm (39 in) and 101.6 cm (40 in) for women and men, respectively) was associated with a twofold increased risk of colon cancer; this risk increased linearly with increasing waist size and was evident for both proximal and distal colon cancer. There was no attenuation of these effects when BMI was added to the multivariable models. A larger waist had a particularly adverse effect among sedentary subjects (relative risk (RR) ¼ 4.4 for middle-aged adults; RR ¼ 3.0 for older adults). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that waist circumference is a stronger predictor of colon cancer risk than is BMI, and that central obesity is responsible for an increased risk of cancer of both the proximal and distal colon.

show abstract

Body weight and physical activity as predictors of colorectal cancer risk

Cited by 117 publications

References 14 publications

Physical Inactivity, Water Intake and Constipation as Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in Jordan

Physical Inactivity, Water Intake and Constipation as Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer among Adults in Jordan

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study

BMI and waist circumference as predictors of lifetime colon cancer risk in Framingham Study adults

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About