2002
DOI: 10.1038/nbt761
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Abstract: The excitement and controversy surrounding the potential role of human embryonic stem (ES) cells in transplantation therapy have often overshadowed their potentially more important use as a basic research tool for understanding the development and function of human tissues. Human ES cells can proliferate without a known limit and can form advanced derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. What is less widely appreciated is that human ES cells can also form the extra-embryonic tissues that differentiate f… Show more

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Cited by 1,005 publications
(980 citation statements)
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References 31 publications
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“…Dkk1, a potent inducer of heart development [3,10,11], synergises with BMP antagonism to specify heart tissue in non-cardiogenic mesoderm from Xenopus embryos [12]. It has been shown that long-term treatment of hESCs with BMP4 induces trophoblast-like cell differentiation [13], while short-term treatment initiates mesoderm formation [14]. Together, these results suggest that inhibiting BMP signaling after mesoderm formation facilitates cardiac development.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 61%
“…Dkk1, a potent inducer of heart development [3,10,11], synergises with BMP antagonism to specify heart tissue in non-cardiogenic mesoderm from Xenopus embryos [12]. It has been shown that long-term treatment of hESCs with BMP4 induces trophoblast-like cell differentiation [13], while short-term treatment initiates mesoderm formation [14]. Together, these results suggest that inhibiting BMP signaling after mesoderm formation facilitates cardiac development.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 61%
“…2C; supplementary material Fig. S10A,B), indicative of mesoderm (Bernando et al, 2011) or trophectoderm (Xu et al, 2002) specification. Taken together these results suggest that this differentiation protocol generates primarily ectodermal cells, including epidermal keratinocyte progenitor cells.…”
Section: Research Articlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…One reason of this delay is the huge difference between mouse and human in response to certain extracellular signals. BMP signaling, which maintains the pluripotency of mESCs, promote the hESC to differentiate, preferably into trophblast (Xu et al, 2002). In contrast, the FGF2, which is routinely used in hESC culture, initiate the differentiation of mESCs (Lanner and Rossant, 2010).…”
Section: Distinctive Neural Differentiation Of Human Pscsmentioning
confidence: 99%