Bluetongue in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin

Mellor, P. S.; Carpenter, Simon; Harrup, Lara E.; Baylis, Matthew; Wilson, Anthony J.; Mertens, Peter

doi:10.1016/b978-012369368-6.50015-0

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This hypothesis was later confirmed by the isolation of BTV from field-collected specimens that belong to the Culicoides obsoletus and Culicoides pulicaris groups, which are abundant in Central and Northern Europe (13,20,66), and the successful infections of both groups in the laboratory (14). In light of this evidence, the whole of Europe is currently regarded as "at risk" for the emergence of bluetongue and other arthropod-borne diseases (33,44,58).…”

Section: B Luetongue Virus (Btv) Is An Arbovirus Belonging To the Genusmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Current understanding of the process of BTV infection and dissemination within the insect hosts are based almost entirely upon a single colonized species, Culicoides sonorensis (44). These studies have indicated that vector competence for BTV is determined in part by the presence of natural barriers to virus dissemination within adult Culicoides organisms.…”

Section: B Luetongue Virus (Btv) Is An Arbovirus Belonging To the Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism for Bluetongue Virus Replication and Tropism

Shaw

Veronesi

Maurin

et al. 2012

J Virol

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c Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the etiological agent of bluetongue (BT), a hemorrhagic disease of ruminants that can cause high levels of morbidity and mortality. BTV is an arbovirus transmitted between its ruminant hosts by Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Recently, Europe has experienced some of the largest BT outbreaks ever recorded, including areas with no known history of the disease, leading to unprecedented economic and animal welfare issues. The current lack of genomic resources and genetic tools for Culicoides restricts any detailed study of the mechanisms involved in the virus-insect interactions. In contrast, the genome of the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) has been successfully sequenced, and it is used extensively as a model of molecular pathways due to the existence of powerful genetic technology. In this study, D. melanogaster is investigated as a model for the replication and tropism of BTV. Using reverse genetics, a modified BTV-1 that expresses the fluorescent mCherry protein fused to the viral nonstructural protein NS3 (BTV-1/NS3mCherry) was generated. We demonstrate that BTV-1/NS3mCherry is not only replication competent as it retains many characteristics of the wild-type virus but also replicates efficiently in D. melanogaster after removal of the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia pipientis by antibiotic treatment. Furthermore, confocal microscopy shows that the tissue tropism of BTV-1/NS3mCherry in D. melanogaster resembles that described previously for BTV in Culicoides. Overall, the data presented in this study demonstrate the feasibility of using D. melanogaster as a genetic model to investigate BTV-insect interactions that cannot be otherwise addressed in vector species.

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Section: B Luetongue Virus (Btv) Is An Arbovirus Belonging To the Genusmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: B Luetongue Virus (Btv) Is An Arbovirus Belonging To the Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism for Bluetongue Virus Replication and Tropism

Shaw

Veronesi

Maurin

et al. 2012

J Virol

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“…Sequence analysis revealed that several of the viruses originated in sub-Saharan Africa, including a South African vaccine strain [17,18]. The release of such vaccine strains has increased the level of genetic diversity within the BTV field population and emphasized the complexity of the epidemiology of BTV [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetics have been used widely to identify and categorize different viruses such as Newcastle disease virus [12], avian influenza A virus [13], foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) [14] and Dengue virus [15]. Methods can be used to determine the origin of viruses, source of outbreaks and spread that could assist in the control of a disease [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis and evaluation of the NS3/A gene region of bluetongue virus isolates from South Africa

Steyn

Venter

2016

Arch Virol

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“…8,9 Although BTV has been on the OIE list for decades, the recent introduction and establishment of an African strain (BTV-8) into the formerly BTV-free region of northern Europe has intensified efforts to control the spread of orbiviruses. 10 The BTV and EHDV are transmitted by biting midges in the genus Culicoides . In the United States, Culicoides sonorensis is the primary vector of BTV (with the exception of Florida, where Culicoides insignis is the primary vector).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate, Landscape, and the Risk of Orbivirus Exposure in Cattle in Illinois and Western Indiana

Boyer¹,

Ward²,

Singer³

2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Climate and environmental data were used to estimate the risk of testing positive for antibodies to bluetongue (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (EHDV) in cattle in Illinois and western Indiana over three transmission seasons (2000)(2001)(2002). The risks of BTV and EHDV seropositivity were positively associated with temperature during every year of the study. The EHDV seropositivity was also positively associated with forest patchiness in two of the years. During 2002, a year with unusually high spring rainfall, forest patchiness was not significantly associated with EHDV but spring rainfall did have a moderating effect on temperature. Maps of predicted probability of exposure to BTV or EHDV were created using these best-fitting models and show distinctly different spatial patterns within the same cattle population.

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Bluetongue in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism for Bluetongue Virus Replication and Tropism

Drosophila melanogaster as a Model Organism for Bluetongue Virus Replication and Tropism

Sequence analysis and evaluation of the NS3/A gene region of bluetongue virus isolates from South Africa

Climate, Landscape, and the Risk of Orbivirus Exposure in Cattle in Illinois and Western Indiana

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