Blueberry intake included in hypocaloric diet decreases weight, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and adenosine levels in obese subjects

Abstract

Obesity is a disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the body and it has been linked the enhancement of inflammation-related endogenous molecules, such as adenosine (AD). Since blueberries may induce anti-obesity effects, we tested the hypothesis that blueberries consumption contained in hypocaloric diet would decrease weight, BMI as well as glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and AD levels in obese subjects. The baseline conditions of obesity-related variables were collected for all subjects prior the implementation of blueberries intake. Later, participants received a hypocaloric diet that included the consumption of blueberries (50 g/ day) during 30 days. We found that male obese subjects that consumed blueberries showed a decrease in weight, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and AD whereas female obese subjects that ate blueberries in hypocaloric diet showed no differences in weight, BMI, glucose and triglycerides but displayed a diminution in cholesterol and AD levels. Data suggest that intake of blueberries seems to decrease some of the obese-linked parameters in male or female subjects. Importantly, blueberry consumption decreased the inflammation-related compound AD in both sexes.

Optimization of a Novel Method Based on Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Quantification of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds in Blueberry Samples (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

“…On the other hand, Quiang Cheng et al [70] and R. Albuquerque et al [71] studied the extraction of anthocyanins from the fruits of Rubia sylvatica Nakai and from Jabuticaba's epicarp, respectively. Both authors included pH as an influential variable and demonstrated that acid-level pH (3)(4) facilitated the extraction of anthocyanins similarly as it was observed in the present research. Finally, Fibigr et al [72] investigated the optimal amount of açai berry samples for maximum anthocyanin extraction using UAE.…”

“…Although blueberry is not so often consumed as fresh fruit, it is increasingly common to find it as the main ingredient in jams and pastry preparations or as a secondary ingredient in different candies or desserts (yogurts, cookies, etc.) [4][5][6]. Moreover, recent investigations have proven its high content in anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and minerals.…”

Beneficial effects of blueberry supplementation on the components of metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…These studies were conducted in Asia, 58–60 Europe, 15,44,61–64 the USA, 65–78 South America, 79 Canada 80 and North America, 81 and published between 2010 and 2021. Twenty trials had a parallel study design 44,59,60,63–71,73–78,80,81 and 6 trials had a crossover study design. 15,58,61,62,72,79 The studies used different preparations of blueberry that included blueberry extract, 60,62,63,66,71 freeze-dried blueberry, 15,44,64,65,67,69,70,73–77,80 frozen blueberry, 59,61 blueberry beverages, 58 smoothies, 68 blueberry juice 72 and fruit extract capsules.…”

“…The main characteristics of the 26 clinical trials conducted on hypertensive, normotensive, MetS, smoker, non-smoker and healthy subjects are summarized in Table 1. These studies were conducted in Asia, [58][59][60] Europe, 15,44,[61][62][63][64] the USA, [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] South America, 79 Canada 80 and North America, 81 and pub-lished between 2010 and 2021. Twenty trials had a parallel study design 44,59,60,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][73][74][75][76][77][78]80,81 and 6 trials had a crossover study design.…”

“…These studies were conducted in Asia, [58][59][60] Europe, 15,44,[61][62][63][64] the USA, [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] South America, 79 Canada 80 and North America, 81 and pub-lished between 2010 and 2021. Twenty trials had a parallel study design 44,59,60,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][73][74][75][76][77][78]80,81 and 6 trials had a crossover study design. 15,58,61,62,72,79 The st...…”