Blood Transfusion in Large Animals

Mudge, Margaret C.

doi:10.1002/9781119500537.ch102

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…5,6 In equine practice, several transfusion triggers have been suggested with a longer duration of blood loss (Box 2). [7][8][9][10]…”

Section: Indications For Blood Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an emergency situation, most horses can be safely transfused from a non-blood-typed, non-cross-matched gelding donor. 7,8,[10][11][12] Exceptions are recipients at risk of previous alloantigen sensitization, such as broodmares and horses that have received a blood transfusion >7 days previously. 12 Similarly, these higher risk horses should not be used as emergency blood donors.…”

Section: Appropriate Donor Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, anti-Aa alloantibodies are considered both agglutinating and hemolytic, but anti-Qa alloantibodies are considered strictly hemolytic. 10 Cross-matching can be performed in the field, and macroagglutination (which can be assessed grossly) is well correlated with risk of transfusion reaction. However, field cross-matching may yield false negative results if microagglutination or hemolysis without agglutination occurs.…”

Section: Cross-matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult horses being selected as donor animals should have regular physical examinations, health screenings, vaccinations, and dewormings and should be tested for infectious diseases that may be transmitted in the blood (eg, equine infectious anemia, babesiosis, equine parvovirus). In an emergency situation, most horses can be safely transfused from a non‐blood‐typed, non‐cross‐matched gelding donor 7,8,10–12 . Exceptions are recipients at risk of previous alloantigen sensitization, such as broodmares and horses that have received a blood transfusion >7 days previously 12 .…”

Section: Appropriate Donor Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hemolytic alloantibodies bind complement, which leads to increased RBC removal and destruction and possible concurrent intravascular hemolysis. In general, anti‐Aa alloantibodies are considered both agglutinating and hemolytic, but anti‐Qa alloantibodies are considered strictly hemolytic 10 . Cross‐matching can be performed in the field, and macroagglutination (which can be assessed grossly) is well correlated with risk of transfusion reaction.…”

Section: Cross‐matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Collection and administration of blood products in horses: Transfusion indications, materials, methods, complications, donor selection, and blood testing

Radcliffe

Bookbinder

Liu

et al. 2022

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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Background Blood transfusion is a lifesaving treatment for horses with acute hemorrhage and other causes of anemia. Transfusions improve oxygen delivery to the tissues via increased blood volume and hemoglobin concentration. Certain aspects of equine blood transfusion are challenging, especially in the field situation, and practitioners may be unfamiliar or feel overwhelmed with the process. An understanding of the indications, materials, methods, and techniques as well as donor selection and possible complications will help practitioners successfully implement blood transfusion in clinical practice. Procedures Blood transfusion involves several steps including appropriate donor selection, cross‐matching, blood collection, and administration, as well as monitoring and handling of transfusion reactions. Guidance for each of these steps are detailed in this review. Summary Blood transfusion is an effective and often lifesaving treatment for managing diseases of blood loss, hemolysis, and decreased RBC production. Equine practitioners require a thorough understanding of the indications for blood transfusion, the immunological principles behind compatibility testing and transfusion reactions, and the technical skills to aseptically collect and administer blood products Key points Equine practitioners require a thorough understanding of the indications for blood transfusion, the immunological principles behind compatibility testing and transfusion reactions, and the technical skills to aseptically collect and administer blood products. Because there are over 400,000 possible equine RBC phenotypes, no universal donor exists, and some blood type incompatibilities are likely between any donor and recipient. Therefore, prior to any blood transfusion, donor and recipient blood should be cross‐matched Inadequate delivery of oxygen (Do2) to the tissues, resulting from low hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, is the most important indication for blood transfusion Neonatal isoerythrolysis most commonly occurs following an anamnestic response in late gestation; it rarely occurs following a primary exposure because the immune response is not strong enough to produce clinically significant alloantibody titers.

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“…5,6 In equine practice, several transfusion triggers have been suggested with a longer duration of blood loss (Box 2). [7][8][9][10]…”

Section: Indications For Blood Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%