Blood lead and cadmium levels and renal function in Korean adults

Chung, Sungjin; Chung, Jong Hee; Kim, Sung Jun; Koh, Eun Sil; Yoon, Hye Eun; Park, Cheol Whee; Chang, Yoon Sik; Shin, Seok Joon

doi:10.1007/s10157-013-0913-6

Cited by 51 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…smoke are main routes exposed to cadmium for general population (Chen et al 2009). Cadmium exposure has been associated with renal damage (Chung et al 2014;Swaddiwudhipong et al 2012), cancer (Nawrot et al 2015, depressive symptoms (Scinicariello and Buser 2014), and atherosclerosis (Bergstrom et al 2015). Some epidemiologic studies also suggest that cadmium exposure may be related to prediabetes (Wallia et al 2014) and diabetes (Afridi et al 2008;Schwartz et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Blood cadmium in Chinese adults and its relationships with diabetes and obesity

Nie

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The aim of this study is to evaluate blood cadmium levels (BCLs) in Chinese adults and explore whether blood cadmium is associated with diabetes or obesity. This study included 5544 adults from a cross-sectional SPECT-China study. BCL and blood lead level (BLL) was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was used to define prediabetes and diabetes. Overweight and obesity were defined by body mass index (BMI). The associations of BCL with prediabetes, diabetes, overweight, and obesity were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression analyses. Medians (interquartile range) of BCL were 1.97 μg/L (0.60-3.82) in men and 1.59 μg/L (0.54-3.51) in women. Subjects in low-economic-status areas and urban areas had significantly higher BCL. BCL in current smokers was significantly higher than in current non-smokers. In the adjusted model, a mild positive relationship between BCL and FPG was found. Meanwhile, the prevalence of prediabetes was increased according to the increase in BCL tertiles. Surprisingly, BCL had a negative relationship with prevalence of overweight. In conclusion, BCL in Chinese adults was much higher than in other developed countries and was influenced by gender, smoking, and residential area. BCL was positively related to prediabetes while negatively related to overweight.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Blood cadmium in Chinese adults and its relationships with diabetes and obesity

Nie

Wang

Chen

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In a recent meta-analysis 140 with stratification of results by smoking status, the pooled relative risk of CVD for never-smokers in the group with the highest cadmium exposure compared with never-smokers in the group with the lowest exposure was 1.27 (95% CI 0.97-1.67). Cadmium levels in blood and urine are also associated with blood pressure 208,209 and kidney function, 210 which are risk factors for future development of CVD.…”

Section: Epidemiological Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental factors in cardiovascular disease

2015

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Environmental exposure is an important but underappreciated risk factor contributing to the development and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The heart and vascular system are highly vulnerable to a number of environmental agents--ambient air pollution and the metals arsenic, cadmium, and lead are widespread and the most-extensively studied. Like traditional risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes mellitus, these exposures advance disease and mortality via augmentation or initiation of pathophysiological processes associated with CVD, including blood-pressure control, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, vascular function, and atherogenesis. Although residence in highly polluted areas is associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk, adverse effects on cardiovascular health also occur at exposure levels below current regulatory standards. Considering the widespread prevalence of exposure, even modest contributions to CVD risk can have a substantial effect on population health. Evidence-based clinical and public-health strategies aimed at reducing environmental exposures from current levels could substantially lower the burden of CVD-related death and disability worldwide.

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“…At the cellular level, mercuric ions appear to gain access to proximal tubular cells via mechanisms present in the luminal and basolateral plasma membranes (Table 4) [290,291,292,293,294]. In vitro studies utilizing isolated perfused proximal tubules suggest that a Cys S -conjugate of Hg 2+ (Cys- S -Hg- S -Cys) is the primary form of Hg 2+ transported across the luminal membrane of proximal tubular cells [295,296,297].…”

Section: Environmentally Relevant Toxic Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro studies utilizing isolated perfused proximal tubules suggest that a Cys S -conjugate of Hg 2+ (Cys- S -Hg- S -Cys) is the primary form of Hg 2+ transported across the luminal membrane of proximal tubular cells [295,296,297]. Additional studies indicate that amino acid transporters located in the luminal plasma membrane are likely involved in the uptake of mercuric conjugates from the tubular lumen [290,291]. It has been hypothesized that since Cys- S -Hg- S -Cys is similar in size and shape to the amino acid cystine, this mercuric conjugate may be a substrate of a cystine transporter.…”

Section: Environmentally Relevant Toxic Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Kidney Disease and Exposure to Nephrotoxic Metals

Orr

Bridges

2017

IJMS

288

110

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common progressive disease that is typically characterized by the permanent loss of functional nephrons. As injured nephrons become sclerotic and die, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo numerous structural, molecular, and functional changes in an attempt to compensate for the loss of diseased nephrons. These compensatory changes enable the kidney to maintain fluid and solute homeostasis until approximately 75% of nephrons are lost. As CKD continues to progress, glomerular filtration rate decreases, and remaining nephrons are unable to effectively eliminate metabolic wastes and environmental toxicants from the body. This inability may enhance mortality and/or morbidity of an individual. Environmental toxicants of particular concern are arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. Since these metals are present throughout the environment and exposure to one or more of these metals is unavoidable, it is important that the way in which these metals are handled by target organs in normal and disease states is understood completely.

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Blood lead and cadmium levels and renal function in Korean adults

Abstract: The CKD-EPI equation showed that blood lead and cadmium levels were associated with renal dysfunction in the Korean adult population. This finding has significant implications for environmental institutional strategies regarding heavy metal exposure.

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Blood cadmium in Chinese adults and its relationships with diabetes and obesity

Blood cadmium in Chinese adults and its relationships with diabetes and obesity

Environmental factors in cardiovascular disease

Chronic Kidney Disease and Exposure to Nephrotoxic Metals

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