Blockchain-Envisioned Secure Authentication Approach in AIoT: Applications, Challenges, and Future Research

Abstract

The Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is the amalgamation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods and the Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure, which are deployed there to improve the overall performance of the system. AIoT can be deployed to achieve more efficient IoT operations; thereby can improve human-machine interactions and provide better data analysis. AI methods can be used to transform IoT data into useful information for the better decision-making processes, and it further increases the overall usability of the system. AIoT frameworks are very useful and applicable in a variety of applications, like security and surveillance system, smart home, intelligent transportation system, smart farming, secure and safe healthcare monitoring, industrial automation and control, eCommerce, logistics operations and control, and many more. However, AIoT frameworks may have issues related to data security and privacy as they are vulnerable to various types of information security-related attacks. These issues further cause the serious consequences, like the unauthorized data leakage and data update. Blockchain is a specific type of database. It is a digital ledger of transactions, which is duplicated and distributed across the entire network of computer systems. It stores data in the form of some blocks, which are then chained together. Blockchain is tamper proof and provides more security as compared to the traditional security mechanisms. Hence, blockchain can be integrated in various AIoT applications to provide more security. A generalized blockchain-envisioned secure authentication framework for AIoT has been proposed. The adversary model of blockchain-envisioned secure authentication framework for AIoT is also highlighted that covers most of the potential threats of a kind of communication environment. Various applications of the proposed framework are also discussed. Furthermore, different issues and challenges of the proposed framework are highlighted. In the end, we also provide some future research directions relevant to the proposed framework.

Security in IoMT‐driven smart healthcare: A comprehensive review and open challenges

“…First, we discuss the generic, cloud‐based, fog‐based and edge‐based architectures of IoT applicable to IoMT 1,8 . Next, we examine various security requirements and applications of IoMT 11 . Finally, we discuss the potential attacks and threats in IoMT 2 …”

“…The overall architecture of IoT network can be simplified using a fundamental three‐layered architecture with perception layer at the bottom, network layer in the middle and the application layer at the top as shown in Figure 2. The functionalities of these layers are given below 11 …”

“…There are numerous real world applications of IoT that span innumerable verticals, including smart home, transport, community and many more 11,12 . The Figure 3 represents the generic architecture of Internet of Things environment for certain scenarios like smart home, smart transport, smart community and smart national.…”

“…IoMT provides various facilities and services in healthcare domain. The key applications of IoMT are given below 10,11,15 …”

The Blockchain Technologies in Healthcare: Prospects, Obstacles, and Future Recommendations; Lessons Learned from Digitalization

“…The usage of blockchain is heavily collaborating with other digital media such as IOTs, big data, and artificial intelligence [46]. According to [47], the blockchain technology safe authentication framework for AI is a conglomeration of AI, IoT, and blockchain-related tools and technology. That is accomplished using many complex algorithms, such as consensus, deep learning, and IoT communication algorithms.…”