BladeCenter packaging, power, and cooling

Crippen, M. J.; Alo, R. K.; Champion, Dean J.; Clemo, R. M.; Grosser, C. M.; Gruendler, N. J.; Mansuria, M. S.; Matteson, J. A.; Miller, Meghan; Trumbo, B. A.

doi:10.1147/rd.496.0887

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…In some practical racks, the temperature can be as high as 75 C. The electronic components on the cards can even have a higher temperature and the speed of airflow can be as high as 6 m/s [29], leading to relatively strong air turbulence. To further investigate the impact of such turbulence, the distance between the heater and the optical interconnect channel in the experiments was reduced to 30 cm (to purposely introduce stronger Gb/s.…”

Section: B Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of High-Speed Reconfigurable Free-Space Card-to-Card Optical Interconnects Under Air Turbulence

Wang

Nirmalathas

Lim

et al. 2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Free-space based optical interconnects are promising candidates for the prevision of parallel, high-speed, densely integrated and reconfigurable card-to-card interconnectivities in data centers and for high-performance computing clusters. However, air turbulence due to high temperature of electronic components and heat dissipation fans typically results in degradation of system performance through effects such as signal scintillation, beam broadening and beam wander. In this paper, the impact of air turbulence on our recently proposed reconfigurable free-space card-to-card optical interconnect scheme is investigated. Experiments are carried out with lab-emulated moderate and comparatively strong turbulence and results show that the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of proposed interconnect scheme is degraded. A power penalty of 0.5 dB is observed at BER of in emulated moderate turbulence, and in emulated comparatively strong turbulence the BER performance suffers power penalties of 1.6 dB. It should be noted that a BER of is not sufficient for typical card-to-card optical interconnects and FEC should be employed to improve the BER performance at the cost of some overhead. Nevertheless, experimental results show that our proposed 3 3 10 Gb/s reconfigurable optical interconnects with card-to-card spacing of up to 30 cm is still achieved even under considerably strong turbulence.Index Terms-Atmospheric turbulence, free-space optical interconnects, reconfigurable optical interconnects.

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Section: B Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of High-Speed Reconfigurable Free-Space Card-to-Card Optical Interconnects Under Air Turbulence

Wang

Nirmalathas

Lim

et al. 2013

J. Lightwave Technol.

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show abstract

“…The electronic components on the cards even have a higher temperature and the speed of airflow can be as high as 6 mls [14]. Therefore, the air turbulence resulted in might be comparatively strong.…”

Section: Experiments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of reconfigurable free-space card-to-card optical interconnects under atmospheric turbulence

Wang

Nirmalathas

Lim

et al. 2012

2012 Photonics Global Conference (PGC)

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Abstract-Free-space based card-to-card optical interconnects are promising candidates for the provision of parallel high-speed and reconfigurable interconnectivity in data-centers and high performance computing clusters. However, the atmospheric turbulence may degrade the interconnect performance due to the beam wander, signal scintillation, and beam broadening effects.In this paper, the experimental investigation of the impact of both moderate and comparatively strong atmospheric turbulence on the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of our proposed reconfigurable free-space card-to-card optical interconnects is presented. Experimental results show that the BER performance does suffer power penalties of -0.5 dB and -1.6 dB at BER of 10. 9 under moderate and strong levels of turbulence respectively.

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“…It is assumed that the sample data center is populated with 30 kW racks in its full capacity. The fan curve and pressure drop coefficient in the model are selected based on the characteristics of IBM eServer™ BladeCenter Ò compact server infrastructure installed in a rack with nominally designed 30 kW capacity [23]. Accordingly, the pressure rise-velocity relationship in the fan is modeled as:…”

Section: Case Study Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%