Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) Seeds—A Valuable Byproduct for Further Processing

Abstract

The rational exploitation of byproducts is important from the point of view of their potential applicability in various fields. In this study, the possibility of further processing of blackcurrant seeds (BCs), which are a byproduct of fruit processing, was investigated. BCs were used as a material for the extraction of oil on a semi-industrial scale, and the residues were assessed in terms of their potential application in skin care products. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using CO2 at pressures of 230 and 330 bar and extraction temperature of 40 °C was exploited for isolation of oil, and the products were characterised taking into account lipophilic constituents. After 120 min, the oil yields were 19.67% and 20.94% using CO2 at 230 and 330 bar, respectively, which showed that SFE was an effective method on a semi-industrial scale, taking into account the extraction yield. The oils had similar fatty acid compositions with a high percentage of linoleic acid (ca. 43%); however, tocopherols and carotenoids were most abundant in the oil obtained at 230 bar. It was also found that the composition of the SFE oils was comparable with that of cold-pressed oil, which shows that supercritical fluid extraction provides a high-quality product; therefore, it can be an alternative to cold pressing. Furthermore, the chemical compositions of the extracts from the oil isolation residues were established using UPLC-MS, and the impact of the extracts on human skin fibroblasts was assessed using the MTT and NR assays. The quantitative analysis revealed that the residues contained high amounts of polyphenolic acids, including gallic, protocatechuic, and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, as well as flavonoids, especially quercetin and kaempferol glucoside. Moreover, it was found that the extracts were nontoxic and exerted a stimulatory effect on cell metabolism. Therefore, they can be a valuable additive to natural plant-based cosmetics. Our results showed that blackcurrant seeds, regarded as a byproduct, can be a valuable material for further use.

Phenolic Profiles and Antitumor Activity against Colorectal Cancer Cells of Seeds from Selected Ribes Taxa

“…In any case, most compounds found here were previously reported in Ribes species. For instance, Wójciak et al [19], reported the black currant seed glucoside and rutinoside derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol, in addition to the aglycones of most compounds reported here. However, to the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to report on some compounds occurring in Ribes taxa, such as fisetin, luteolin, eriodictyol, phloretin, galangin, and naringenin, as well as some of their glycosides.…”

Recovery of Bioactive Components from Strawberry Seeds Residues Post Oil Extraction and Their Cosmetic Potential

“…The research material consisted of seed remains after extraction of oil and it was provided from Łukasiewicz Research Network-New Chemical Syntheses Institute in Puławy (Poland). The extraction of oil was carried out using an in-house-built quartertechnical installation for supercritical CO 2 extraction on scale [18].…”

“…Human skin fibroblast cell lines (ATCC ® CRL-2522™, Manassas, VA, USA) were cultured in conditions given in literature [18]. The cells at density of 1 × 10 5 cells/well were treated with varying concentration of the extracts for 24, 48 and 72 h to assess cytotoxicity.…”

Supercritical Extraction Techniques for Obtaining Biologically Active Substances from a Variety of Plant Byproducts

“…This aligns with the core tenets of the circular economy, advocating for the efficient utilisation of resources and the adoption of contemporary processing methodologies. Byproducts encompass not only pomace resulting from juice or oil extraction but also various other plant morphological components, such as leaves (e.g., black currant), husks, stems, peels, and seeds, as specified by Staszowska-Karkut et al [ 44 ], Blejan et al [ 39 ], and Wójciak et al [ 45 ], which exhibit substantial polyphenol and fibre content. Leveraging such byproducts represents a reservoir of valuable nutrients, recognised as a cost-effective resource offering manifold health benefits for both consumers and producers, fostering an environmentally sustainable and economically viable food chain [ 46 ].…”