Black spot syndrome in reef fishes: using archival imagery and field surveys to characterize spatial and temporal distribution in the Caribbean

Elmer, Franziska; Kohl, Zachary F.; Johnson, Pieter T. J.; Peachey, Rita B. J.

doi:10.1007/s00338-019-01843-3

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, subsequent surveys demonstrated black spot disease to be consistently highly prevalent in shallow coastal acanthurids across 2 years (adjusted mean prevalence of 38.9% [95% CI: 33.8−43.9] in 2017, and 51.5% [95% CI: 46.2−56.9] in 2018). Prevalences were higher than those reported in Google Images surveys of the Eastern Caribbean (14.1%; Elmer et al 2019) and visual surveys of a grossly similar pigmented dermatopathy in acanthurids of Curaçao in 2013 (11.8%;Bernal et al 2016). In contrast, visual surveys of A. bahianus showed grea ter prevalence in Bonaire in 2012 and2017 (59.3% and68.7%, respectively;Elmer et al 2019) and in Belize in 2014 to 2016 (60.1%; Eierman & Tanner 2019) than was observed in St. Kitts in 2017 to 2018 (adjusted mean prevalence of 45.3% [95% CI: 40.1− 50.5]).…”

Section: Centrocestus Formosanus Mg738251contrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Prevalences were higher than those reported in Google Images surveys of the Eastern Caribbean (14.1%; Elmer et al 2019) and visual surveys of a grossly similar pigmented dermatopathy in acanthurids of Curaçao in 2013 (11.8%;Bernal et al 2016). In contrast, visual surveys of A. bahianus showed grea ter prevalence in Bonaire in 2012 and2017 (59.3% and68.7%, respectively;Elmer et al 2019) and in Belize in 2014 to 2016 (60.1%; Eierman & Tanner 2019) than was observed in St. Kitts in 2017 to 2018 (adjusted mean prevalence of 45.3% [95% CI: 40.1− 50.5]). However, comparisons of prevalence across studies may be biased by overall methodology, especially as other studies have not adjusted prevalence estimates derived from multiple divers using inverse variance weighting.…”

Section: Centrocestus Formosanus Mg738251contrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Further research is needed to determine the identity of the parasites involved in other Caribbean fish with multifocal cutaneous pigmentation. A Google Images search indicated that multi focal cutaneous pigmentation has been ob served on Acanthurus bahianus throughout the Caribbean, from as early as 1985 (Elmer et al 2019), and Scaphano cephalus metacercariae have been known in Caribbean fishes since the 1960s (Hutton 1964, Skinner 1978. While Scaphanocephalus black spot disease therefore does not seem new to the Caribbean, the increasing reports of the pigmented dermatopathy, and apparently increasing prevalence over a short timeframe in some regions (Eierman & Tanner 2019, has garnered concern for an emerging disease scenario.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Scaphanocephalus-associated dermatitis as the basis for black spot disease in Acanthuridae of St. Kitts, West Indies

Dennis

Izquierdo²,

Conan³

et al. 2019

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diplostomatidae and Heterophyidae in temperate and tropical freshwater fishes (Gratzek 2010, Poynton & Hoffman 2010). In contrast, most reports of black spot disease in marine tropical fish implicate turbellarians rather than digenean metacercariae (Cannon & Lester 1988, Justine et al. 2009). Furthermore, pigmented skin lesions may also be noninfectious, resulting, for example, from previous skin injury or from neoplasia of chromatophores (Work & Aeby 2014).

show abstract

Section: Centrocestus Formosanus Mg738251contrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Centrocestus Formosanus Mg738251contrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scaphanocephalus-associated dermatitis as the basis for black spot disease in Acanthuridae of St. Kitts, West Indies

Dennis

Izquierdo²,

Conan³

et al. 2019

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The sheer volume and coverage of such sources could also prove fertile ground for identifying and tracking the spread of new behaviors [39][40][41]. Disease ecology, including knowledge of the occurrence, distribution, prevalence, and severity of diseases, has also recently benefited from iEcology methods [42]. iEcology methods have also been used to investigate ecosystem and habitat dynamics in response to increasing anthropogenic impacts.…”

Section: Research Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

iEcology: Harnessing Large Online Resources to Generate Ecological Insights

Jarić

Correia

Brook

et al. 2020

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

134

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Digital data are accumulating at unprecedented rates. These contain a lot of information about the natural world, some of which can be used to answer key ecological questions. Here, we introduce iEcology (i.e., internet ecology), an emerging research approach that uses diverse online data sources and methods to generate insights about species distribution over space and time, interactions and dynamics of organisms and their environment, and anthropogenic impacts. We review iEcology data sources and methods, and provide examples of potential research applications. We also outline approaches to reduce potential biases and improve reliability and applicability. As technologies and expertise improve, and costs diminish, iEcology will become an increasingly important means to gain novel insights into the natural world. Information Age, Big Data, and iEcologyThe information age is characterized by rapid accumulation of myriad types of digital data [1]. Central to this revolution is the Internet, which is a source of unprecedented amounts of diverse and readily accessible data, via webpages, social media, and various other data platforms. These data are constantly created and stored in the digital realm and form an omnipresent part of the modern world. They also provide novel opportunities for research that the scientific community is only beginning to explore. Here, we describe an emerging research approach -iEcology (i.e., internet ecology), which we define as the study of ecological patterns and processes using online data generated for other purposes and stored digitally (Figure 1). These data can be used to address fundamental ecological questions and to analyze ecological processes at a range of spatiotemporal scales and across a diverse range of contexts. As such, iEcology has the potential to provide new understandings of ecological dynamics and mechanisms, complementing more traditional methods of obtaining ecological data.While iEcology can be considered to fit within the wider scope of ecological informatics (see Glossary), it is distinct from other uses of Big Data sources in the biological sciences in that data are not specifically and intentionally generated to address ecological and environmental questions [2][3][4]. Moreover, iEcology expands on the traditional scope of ecological informatics with new data sources and dedicated methods to analyze them. iEcology is predominantly focused on collecting, collating, and exploring data generated online by human society, either passively or unintentionally (e.g., Internet search activity, social media interactions, and uploaded data and media), a process also referred to as passive crowdsourcing [5]. iEcology uses digital methods to access, handle, and analyze these data, in a manner akin to techniques from other research fields such as sociology, culture and media studies, biomedical sciences, computer sciences, and economics [6,7]. iEcology also shares part of its toolbox with conservation culturomicsan emerging research area in conservation science [8-10]alb...

show abstract

“…They can also be used as early warning systems for ecosystem phase shifts or emergent impacts [ 46 ]. For example, analyzing Google Images revealed a likely climate-change–driven phenological shift in the breeding periods of Japanese dace ( Triblodon hakonensis ) [ 47 ] and identified the prevalence and intensity of parasite-induced coloration phenomenon in Caribbean reef fish [ 48 ]. Digital photo analysis was also used to identify the extent of anthropogenic impacts and degradation of coral reefs from central Pacific atolls and the Caribbean Sea [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding conservation culturomics and iEcology from terrestrial to aquatic realms

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ongoing digital revolution in the age of big data is opening new research opportunities. Culturomics and iEcology, two emerging research areas based on the analysis of online data resources, can provide novel scientific insights and inform conservation and management efforts. To date, culturomics and iEcology have been applied primarily in the terrestrial realm. Here, we advocate for expanding such applications to the aquatic realm by providing a brief overview of these new approaches and outlining key areas in which culturomics and iEcology are likely to have the highest impact, including the management of protected areas; fisheries; flagship species identification; detection and distribution of threatened, rare, and alien species; assessment of ecosystem status and anthropogenic impacts; and social impact assessment. When deployed in the right context with awareness of potential biases, culturomics and iEcology are ripe for rapid development as low-cost research approaches based on data available from digital sources, with increasingly diverse applications for aquatic ecosystems.

show abstract

Black spot syndrome in reef fishes: using archival imagery and field surveys to characterize spatial and temporal distribution in the Caribbean

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Scaphanocephalus-associated dermatitis as the basis for black spot disease in Acanthuridae of St. Kitts, West Indies

Scaphanocephalus-associated dermatitis as the basis for black spot disease in Acanthuridae of St. Kitts, West Indies

iEcology: Harnessing Large Online Resources to Generate Ecological Insights

Expanding conservation culturomics and iEcology from terrestrial to aquatic realms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About