Black Hair Tongue

Winer, Louis H.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1958.01560010099013

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This accumulated foreign material usually contributes to the discoloration and can result in taste alterations, nausea, halitosis, and pain or burning of the tongue. [2][3][4][5][6] Black hairy tongue has an extensive history in the medical literature. Amatus Lusitanus has been credited with the first description of BHT in 1557.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…25 It is difficult to conclude too much from these prevalence studies; however, these data do reinforce some of the factors that can aggravate, precipitate, and even cause BHT. These factors include the following 4,6,18,25,27,28 (antibiotics and drugs capable of causing xerostomia) Male subjects seem to exhibit a greater prevalence of BHT than do female subjects, and smoking, in a somewhat dose-dependent fashion, increases the prevalence of BHT. [25][26][27] Combinations of these factors are also likely to increase the chances of developing this disorder.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Interpreting these facts is difficult because it is not clear if an acidic oral pH contributes to the etiology of BHT or is a consequence of BHT. 4 A number of investigators have studied the relationship between bacteria and fungi and BHT [43][44][45] ; however, no conclusive evidence implicates any specific bacteria or fungi as etiologic in the pathogenesis of BHT. One early study explored nicotinic acid deficiency as a cause of BHT, 13 although no further work has been done in this area.…”

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Drug‐Induced Black Hairy Tongue

Thompson

Kessler

2010

Pharmacotherapy

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Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign, self-limiting disorder characterized by abnormally hypertrophied and elongated filiform papillae on the surface of the tongue. The prevalence of BHT is quite variable, ranging from 0-53.8% depending on the population. Many predisposing factors to BHT exist, and several drugs and drug classes have been implicated in causing this disorder. A modified Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability nomogram specific for BHT was used to rate causality for the available published case reports of drug-induced BHT. From the available data, antibiotics and drugs capable of inducing xerostomia are the drug classes that have modest evidence of causality and a rational mechanism. The presence of underlying predisposing factors in these cases along with the variable prevalence of BHT make drawing firm conclusions difficult. Treatment for BHT involves eliminating any predisposing issues and practicing scrupulous oral hygiene. Drug therapy and physical removal of the elongated filiform papillae are available for resistant cases. Clinicians should be aware of the prevalence, the predisposing factors and drug classes that may play a role in the development, and the treatment of BHT.

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Drug‐Induced Black Hairy Tongue

Thompson

Kessler

2010

Pharmacotherapy

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“…Siyah kıllı dilli hastalarda sigara, ileri yaş, erkek cinsiyet, kötü ağız hijyeni, genellikle antibiyotik, antipsikotik, antiasit gibi ilaçların kullanımı, kserostomi, kanser, trigeminal nevralji, bazı maddelerin kötüye kullanımı (kokain vb. ), oksitleyici ajan içeren ağız gargaraları (sodyum peroksit, hidrojen peroksit), edinsel immun yetmezlik sendromu tetikleyici durumlardır 1,5,[10][11][12][13][14] . Yapılan bazı çalışmalar, sigara kullanımındaki artışla doğru orantılı olarak siyah kıllı dil sıklığında da artış olduğunu göstermiştir 15,16 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Siyah kıllı dil: vaka serisi

Korkut

Namdar

2017

Aile Hekimliği Ve Palyatif Bakım

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ÖZETGiriş: Siyah kıllı dil; filiform papillaların dil dorsumunda deskuame olamaması ve hipertrofisi sonucu kadifemsi plak oluşturması durumudur. Vaka Sunumu: Polikliniğimize farklı şikâyetlerle başvuran siyah kıllı dil tespit edilen dört hasta vaka olarak sunulmuştur. Tartışma: Siyah kıllı dilin etyopatogenezi tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte pek çok predispozan faktör ileri sürülmüştür. Tanısı klinik bulgular ve öyküye dayalı olan siyah kıllı dil tedavisinde tetikleyici faktörlerin önlenmesi, gıda ve su alımının düzenlenmesi, dilin mekanik temizliği önemlidir. Antiseptik solüsyonlar, topikal tretinoin diğer tedaviler arasındadır. Sonuç: Aile hekimleri birinci basamakta sigara içen hastalarında nadiren de olsa siyah kıllı dil gelişebileceğini göz önünde bulundurmalıdır. Anahtar kelimeler: Siyah kıllı dil; kıllı dil/tanı; filiform papilla; hiperkeratoz ABSTRACT Introduction: Black hairy tongue occurs as a result of inability desquamation and hyperthrophy of filiforme papilla on the dorsum of the tongue which also cause as the creation of velvety plaques. Case Presentation: Four patients with black hairy tongue who were referred to our clinic with different complaints were presented as cases. Discussion: Although the etiopathogenesis of the black hairy louse is not completely known, many predisposing factors have been proposed. Prevention of triggering factors, the regulation of food and water, mechanical cleaning of the language is important in the treatment of black hairy tongue. Medical treatment includes antiseptic solutions, topical tretinoin. Conclusion: Family physicians should consider that in first-stage smokers patients may rarely develop black hairy language.

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“…A pathological condition that is most similar to ST is the hairy black tongue [Winer, 1958], The hairy black tongue (HBT) likewise possesses con siderable papillomatous acanthosis, hyperkeratosis with colonies of micro organisms in the horny layer, and it may present clear epithelial cells filled with glycogen. In general it is an orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis with the pres ence of a granular layer.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology of the Saburral Tongue

Mascaró¹,

Ferrando²,

Palou³

et al. 1981

Dermatology

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Optical microscopical studies were carried out on biopsies from 22 patients affected by saburral tongue (ST). The histopathological pattern consisted of a papillomatous acanthosis covered with a very thick horny layer. Abundant colonies of banal germs were seen in the keratin. There was an alternation of suprapapillary orthokeratosis and interpapillary parakeratosis. Under the keratin layer all the keratinocytes were large and clear with a glycogen-filled cytoplasm. Two specimens, studied with a transmission electron microscope, only showed that the keratinocytes were filled with glycogen. The clear glycogen-filled epithelial cells are common either in normal lingual epithelium or in some pathological conditions. The microscopic field of ST is quite similar to that of the hairy black tongue; but these peculiar clinical aspects of the tongue do not evolve one through the other.

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Black Hair Tongue

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Drug‐Induced Black Hairy Tongue

Drug‐Induced Black Hairy Tongue

Siyah kıllı dil: vaka serisi

Histopathology of the Saburral Tongue

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