Black grain mycetoma. A case due to Madurella grisea

Butz, W. C.

doi:10.1001/archderm.104.2.197

Cited by 8 publications

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“…An important clinical presentation of the coelomycetous fungi is eumycetoma, which is restricted to a specific group of pleosporalean species of fungi, namely, Medicopsis romeroi (formerly, Pyrenochaeta romeroi) (44)(45)(46), Biatriospora mackinnonii (formerly Pyrenochaeta mackinnonii) (46), and Trematosphaeria grisea (formerly, Madurella grisea) (47)(48)(49), among others. However, in the present study only nine of the isolates that were isolated from superficial and, less frequently, from deep tissues belonged to these genera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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Human infections by coelomycetous fungi are becoming more frequent and range from superficial to systemic dissemination. Traumatic implantation of contaminated plant material is the most common cause. The typical morphological feature of these fungi is the production of asexual spores (conidia) within fruiting bodies called conidiomata. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the coelomycetes in clinical samples by a phenotypic and molecular study of a large set of isolates received from a U.S. reference mycological institution and by obtaining the in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of nine antifungals against a selected group of isolates. A total of 230 isolates were identified by sequencing the D1 and D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrRNA) gene and by morphological characterization. Eleven orders of the phylum Ascomycota were identified: Pleosporales (the largest group; 66.1%), Botryosphaeriales (19.57%), Glomerellales (4.35%), Diaporthales (3.48%), Xylariales (2.17%), Hysteriales and Valsariales (0.87%), and Capnodiales, Helotiales, Hypocreales and Magnaporthales (0.43% each). The most prevalent species were Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Paraconiothyrium spp., Phoma herbarum, Didymella heteroderae, and Epicoccum sorghinum. The most common anatomical site of isolation was superficial tissue (66.5%), followed by the respiratory tract (17.4%). Most of the isolates tested were susceptible to the majority of antifungals, and only flucytosine showed poor antifungal activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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“…7 By inhibiting cellular dNTP synthesis, hydroxyurea decreases the pool of native dNTP. 4 This effect makes hydroxyurea a potential antiretroviral agent because dNTPs are necessary for retroviral replication. 4±6 It has been hypothesized that this hydroxyurea-induced reduction in natively produced dNTPs increases the ef®cacy of reverse transcriptase inhibitors as there is less competition for binding sites on the reverse transcriptase enzyme.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pus material usually contains grains that vary in size from microscopic to a few millimeters in diameter. 4,5 Madurella distribution in the world's soil is widespread, but Madurella cutaneous infection occurs primarily in the tropical and subtropical countries of the world, although limited endemic cases and sporadic outbreaks have been reported outside this zone. 6±9 As far as our geographic area is concerned, however, there have been no reported cases of skin infection by Madurella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, a recent report from northern Thailand, where penicilliosis is a frequent cause of opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients, found that only two of 102 patients with oral lesions had penicilliosis. 4 In general, P. marneffei infections start to appear when the CD4+ T-cell count has dropped to about 50 cells/mL or less. 5,6 In our patient, oral penicilliosis was an acquired immunode®ciency syndrome (AIDS)-de®ning illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3 SVCS is usually caused by malignant neoplasms. 1,4,5 In about 20% of the cases, however, the cause is benign 2 examples of which include chronic mediastinal ®brosis and retrosternal goiters. In the past 10 years, a growing number of cases of SVCS resulting from transvenous cardiac pacemakers have been reported, mostly in nondermatologic literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral penicilliosis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus in northern Thailand

Kantipong

Walsh

2000

Int J Dermatology

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A 25-year-old Thai woman with human immunode®ciency virus (HIV) infection diagnosed by serology 4 months previously presented to the outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of a sore throat. Three months prior to presentation, she was diagnosed with oral and vaginal candidiasis and bronchitis. The patient was afebrile and other vital signs were normal.Examination of the oral cavity showed patchy erythema and leukoplakia on the buccal mucosa, suggestive of candidiasis. In addition, there were multiple, shiny, translucent papules, 2±4 mm in diameter, especially prominent on the upper palate, suggestive of penicilliosis ( Fig. 1). Indeed, a Wright-stained scraping from a papule revealed numerous in¯ammatory cells, many containing abundant yeast-like organisms undergoing binary ®ssion characteristic of penicilliosis (Fig. 2). A slant agar fungal culture of material from an upper palate papule grew Penicillium marneffei, consisting of white, gritty hyphae with underlying deep red coloring as depicted in Fig. 3, as well as Candida albicans. The oral lesions resolved after 2 weeks of treatment with ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily.

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Madurella infection in an immunocompromised host

Satta¹,

Sanna²,

Cottoni³

2000

Int J Dermatology

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A 77‐year‐old farmer, born and living in Sardinia, affected by acute myelogenous leukemia and undergoing chemotherapy treatment with cytosine arabinoside, presented at the Institute of Dermatology of Sassari in March 1998 with multiple subcutaneous lesions on the legs (Fig. 1) which had appeared 3 months previously. Scattered crusts were observed, and some nodules were necrotizing and ulcerated with a discharge of serosanguineous fluid. There was no history of trauma. A deep biopsy was performed and histologic examination showed suppurative inflammation in the middle and deep dermis with a mass of hyphae and numerous spores at periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) reaction (Fig. 2). Culture of a small skin sample at 37 °C on Saboraud's dextrose agar resulted, 7 days later, in the development of flat, brownish, fluffy colonies. The reverse of the colony was black. Microscopically, the culture showed broad, segmented hyphae without conidia and with chlamydospores typical of Madurella. X‐Ray findings of the lower extremities showed no bony involvement. 1 Red subcutaneous nodule on the leg 2 Suppurative inflammation in the dermis with a mass of hyphae and spores Oral itraconazole at a dosage of 100 mg twice daily was started and clinical evaluation demonstrated lesion resolution after 12 weeks with no adverse reaction. The patient had no evidence of relapse at follow‐up 10 months later.

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Black grain mycetoma. A case due to Madurella grisea

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

Oral penicilliosis in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus in northern Thailand

Madurella infection in an immunocompromised host

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