Bisphosphonate Treatment and Related Agents in Children

Rauch, Frank

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397165-4.00054-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…These drugs have been beneficial in increasing bone mineral density and reducing the incidence of fragility fractures in individuals with osteoporosis [100, 101]. The long-term effects of bisphosphonates, particularly when treatment is initiated at a young age, however, are not yet well understood [102, 103]. There is concern, for example, that osteoclastic inhibition from these drugs and the associated decline in bone remodeling may have a detrimental effect on bone tissue quality [102, 104–107].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced diaphyseal strength associated with high intracortical vascular porosity within long bones of children with osteogenesis imperfecta

Albert

Jameson

Smith

et al. 2014

Bone

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Osteogenesis Imperfecta is a genetic disorder resulting in bone fragility. The mechanisms behind this fragility are not well understood. In addition to characteristic bone mass deficiencies, research suggests that bone material properties are compromised in individuals with this disorder. However, little data exists regarding bone properties beyond the microstructural scale in individuals with this disorder. Specimens were obtained from long bone diaphyses of nine children with osteogenesis imperfecta during routine osteotomy procedures. Small rectangular beams, oriented longitudinally and transversely to the diaphyseal axis, were machined from these specimens and elastic modulus, yield strength, and maximum strength were measured in three-point bending. Intracortical vascular porosity, bone volume fraction, osteocyte lacuna density, and volumetric tissue mineral density were determined by synchrotron micro-computed tomography, and relationships among these mechanical properties and structural parameters were explored. Modulus and strength were on average 64–68% lower in the transverse vs. longitudinal beams (P<0.001, linear mixed model). Vascular porosity ranged between 3–42% of total bone volume. Longitudinal properties were associated negatively with porosity (P≤0.006, linear regressions). Mechanical properties, however, were not associated with osteocyte lacuna density or volumetric tissue mineral density (P≥0.167). Bone properties and structural parameters were not associated significantly with donor age (p≥0.225, linear mixed models). This study presents novel data regarding bone material strength in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. Results confirm that these properties are anisotropic. Elevated vascular porosity was observed in most specimens, and this parameter was associated with reduced bone material strength. These results offer insight towards understanding bone fragility and the role of intracortical porosity on the strength of bone tissue in children with osteogenesis imperfecta.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced diaphyseal strength associated with high intracortical vascular porosity within long bones of children with osteogenesis imperfecta

Albert

Jameson

Smith

et al. 2014

Bone

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“…A comparative Egyptian study by El-Sobky et al [36] on the efficacy of pamidronate in addition to surgery on OI patients showed that the combined approach of surgical and medical treatment gave better results with increase in BMD and decreased rate of re-fracture. There is less information on intravenously administered bisphosphonates other than pamidronate [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoledronic acid in children with osteogenesis imperfecta and Bruck syndrome: a 2-year prospective observational study

et al. 2015

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Zoledronic acid proved to be safe and effective in the treatment of OI and BS. The biannual infusion protocol was convenient to patients. There was a positive correlation between disease severity and benefits of the treatment. The use of the CSS proved to be of value in the assessment of the degree of severity in OI, and with some modifications, it was a valuable tool for the assessment of response to treatment.

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