2016
DOI: 10.18632/aging.101081
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Abstract: Larger dog breeds live shorter than the smaller ones, opposite of the mass-lifespan relationship observed across mammalian species. Here we use data from 90 dog breeds and a theoretical model based on the first principles of energy conservation and life history tradeoffs to explain the negative correlation between longevity and body size in dogs. We found that the birth/adult mass ratio of dogs scales negatively with adult size, which is different than the weak interspecific scaling in mammals. Using the model… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(8 citation statements)
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References 57 publications
(108 reference statements)
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“…Yet, within species this pattern is reversed (Metcalfe and Monaghan 2003;Austad 2010;Bartke 2017). This pattern is welldocumented in domestic dogs (Galis et al 2007;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016) where larger dog breeds (e.g., Bernese Mountain Dog, mean lifespan = 7 years) have an expected lifespan that is approximately half that of smaller breeds (e.g., Chihuahua, mean lifespan = 13 years; Jones et al 2008). While large breeds take longer to mature than small breeds, they weigh disproportionately more, and therefore have faster growth rates and an accelerated pace of physiological aging (e.g., cellular damage; Fick et al 2012;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 63%
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“…Yet, within species this pattern is reversed (Metcalfe and Monaghan 2003;Austad 2010;Bartke 2017). This pattern is welldocumented in domestic dogs (Galis et al 2007;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016) where larger dog breeds (e.g., Bernese Mountain Dog, mean lifespan = 7 years) have an expected lifespan that is approximately half that of smaller breeds (e.g., Chihuahua, mean lifespan = 13 years; Jones et al 2008). While large breeds take longer to mature than small breeds, they weigh disproportionately more, and therefore have faster growth rates and an accelerated pace of physiological aging (e.g., cellular damage; Fick et al 2012;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…This pattern is welldocumented in domestic dogs (Galis et al 2007;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016) where larger dog breeds (e.g., Bernese Mountain Dog, mean lifespan = 7 years) have an expected lifespan that is approximately half that of smaller breeds (e.g., Chihuahua, mean lifespan = 13 years; Jones et al 2008). While large breeds take longer to mature than small breeds, they weigh disproportionately more, and therefore have faster growth rates and an accelerated pace of physiological aging (e.g., cellular damage; Fick et al 2012;Kraus et al 2013;Fan et al 2016). Domestic dogs have been under strong artificial selection for at least 15,000 years (vonHoldt et al 2010), which has driven extensive diversity in physical and life history traits (i.e., size, growth rate, lifespan).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 63%
“…However, within species, individuals with larger absolute body mass tend to be shorter-lived [e.g., rodents ( 15 ) and humans ( 16 )]. This is the case for the domestic dog, where larger breeds die at younger ages, due largely to an accelerated rate of growth between birth and adult size ( 17 ), which incurs growth-induced cellular damage via oxidative processes that reduce longevity ( 17 19 ). Large breeds can also be predisposed to a considerable number of inherited diseases related to their conformation, such as cardiovascular diseases, which contribute to their early mortality and morbidity ( 1 ) in addition to higher inbreeding coefficients, which are also associated with reduced longevity ( 5 , 20 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…That “large dogs die young” has been a contested statement in the dog literature. Mortality data have been used to attest that larger breeds “die young,” an approach prone to a number of unavoidable biases [ 27 , 28 ], and others have used mathematical models of the ratio between birth mass and adult mass to yield similar conclusions [ 29 ], highlighting that larger breeds may have faster cellular damage accumulation leading to significantly shorter lives compared with smaller breeds. Empirical data demonstrating a physiological mechanism that underlies these differences has yet to be elucidated [ 30 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%