“…However, Mn-rich (Mn 2+ ) carbonates stratigraphically associated with Jurassic black shales have been recognized in basinal pelagic deposits from Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Slovakia, Italy, and Hungary (Bellanca et al, 1999;Corbin et al, 2000;Ebli et al, 1998;Jenkyns, 1988;Jenkyns et al, 1991;Polgári et al, 1991Polgári et al, , 2004Rantitsch et al, 2003;Vetö et al, 1997). Ferromanganese oxyhydroxide crusts and nodules (Mn 4+ ) formed on topographic highs (seamounts) in relatively shallow waters are also characteristic of the Jurassic Tethys (Cronan et al, 1991;Di Stefano et al, 2002;Jenkyns, 1970Jenkyns, , 1971Jenkyns, , 1977. Several authors (i.e.…”